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Vavhenda (Chivhenda: Vhavenda) Wavhenda kana Vangona vanhu vanotaura Chivhenda uye vanowanikwa kuChamhembe che Afurika, kunyanya kuChamhembe Afurika ne kuZimbabwe.

Nhoroondo ye Vavhenda inotangira kubva kuhumambo hwe Mapungubwe (zanagore rechi-9) uko Mambo Shiriyadenga aive mambo wekutanga weVhenda neMapungubwe^[1]. Humambo hwe Mapungubwe hwakatambanuka kubva kuSoutpansberg kumaodzanyemba, kuyambuka Rwizi Rimupopo kusvika kuMatombo kuchamhembe. Humambo hwakaramba kubva muna 1240, uye simba rakaenda kuchamhembe kuUmambo we Zimbabwe. Kugara kwekutanga kweVavhenda muSoutpansberg kwaive kwemukuru ane mukurumbira Thoho-ya-Ndou (Sororezhou). Danga rake ramambo raidaidzwa kuti D'zata, zvisaririra zveizvi zvakaziviswa National Monument. Muunganidzwa waMapungubwe muunganidzwa wemyuziyamu inowanikwa panzvimbo yezvinocherwa mumatongo uye unochengeterwa muMyuziyamu ye Mapungubwe muPretoriya. Vavhenda vanogovana dzinza ne Valobedu ne Vakalanga, pamusoro pezvo vane hukama nemapoka eSotho-Tswana uye Vashona

Hameno kuti zita rechiVhenda rakabva kupi. Imwe shanduro inoti Vasenzi paakagara munyika ye Vangona vakadanana nemamiriro ekunze uye nharaunda ndokudaidza nzvimbo iyi kuti Vhenda zvichireva kuti pakanaka nzvimbo. Imwe vhezheni inoti vaVangona vaireva dzinza rose reKaranga-Rozvi rakagara munyika yavo kuti Vhavannda (outsiders). Izvi zvakazoshatiswa kuVavhenda, uye nzvimbo yavaigara yakanzi Vhenda. Rondedzero yechitatu inoti Vhenda raive zita ramambo Vangona uye kuti vanhu vake vaizivikanwa sevaVavhenda (vaVhenda).

Vavhenda vanhasi vazvarwa vemapoka mazhinji aive heterogeneous uye masinga akaita senge:

Rusinga rwe Vavhenda rwekutanga kugara muVhenda waive Vangona, pamusoro pezvo ndivo vanotendwa seVavhenda chaivo. Zvinofungirwa kuti vakagara muVhenda pakati pe 1000 MK (AD) ne kupera kwe 1200 MK (AD). Pasi peutongi hwa Mahosi (madzishe) Raphulu (sn. Rapulu), Tshidziwelele (sn. Chidziwerere), Mudau (sn.Mudhau), uye Dewasi (sn.Dhewasi), Vhangona (sn.Vangona) vagari veruwa rinobva Mount Songowi kumadokero kusvika kuMount Tshitumbe kuma kumabvazuva.^[2] Seboka rekutanga kugara muVhenda, Vangona ndivovakatumidza mazita enzvimbo, makomo, nzizi, zvikomo, nezvimwewo.

Rusinga rweVavhenda rwakatevera kunogara muVhenda raive Vanyai (ava vanogona kuva vamwechete ne Vanyai kana "Wanyai" weVashona ne Vakalanga "Banyai"). Vanyai vakagara mumabvazuva ese eVhenda. Mahosi makuru weVanyai waive Makahane, Nelombe uye Tshilowa.

Rusinga rechitatu reVavhenda rakagara muVhenda raive Vambedzi vakagara kuTshulu (Ha-Makuya), Mianzwi, Tshilavulu uye Makonde. Khosi mukuru wavo aive Luvhimbi aive nembiri nekuda kwemasimba ekukonzera kunaya.

Rusinga rwechina uye rukuru rweVavhenda kugara muVhenda raive reVatavatsindi (Vhe. Vhatavhatsindi) waive nemapoka aisanganisa Vhakwevho (sn. Vakwevo) ne Vhafamadi (sn. Vafamadhi). Vakwevo vakagara muLwandili, Luonde ne Luvhola, asi Vafamadhi vakagara mu Ha-Mashau. Mahosi mukuru weVatavatsindi waive Matidze, Nethengwe uye Manenzhe.

Rusinga rwechishanu raive Vhalea (sn. Valea) ne Vhatwamamba kana Vhatwanamba (sn.Vatwamamba/Vatwanamba), vakagara muMusina, Mapungubwe uye Ha-Tshivhula. Khosi mukuru waso aive Tshivhula.

Boka rekupedzisira kugara muVhenda raive Vhasenzi (kar. Vasenzi) ava vaive vedzinza reMakaranga uye vaisanganisa Masingo neVhalaudzi (Valaudzi) ne Vhandalamo (Vandalamo). Vakange vakabatanidzana neVaremba vainzi Majudha particularly Vashemu (kana Vasemiti) (kureva vanhu vedzinza raShemu mwanakomana waNoa munhoroondo).

Vangona, Vanyai, Vambedzi, Vatavatsindi, Valea uye Vatwamamba vainge vakazvimirira kusvikira pavakazokundzwa pasi paDyambeu weVasenzi kugadzira dhidhizha rimwechete rakanzi Vavhenda. Mambo Dyambeu ndiye anonzi tateguru weMavhenda uye anonzi Mambo wekutanga weVavhenda. Izvi zvinorevawo kuti Vavhenda vane hukama ne Vakaranga pakati poVashona vose.

Vasenzi nemamwe masinga akagara muVhenda pakufamba penguva vakapedzisira sanganiswa neVangona, tsika dzawo uye mitauro dzavo dzakashanduka nenguba kufanana neChingona (Chivhenda). Hunhu, tsika uye maitiro evana veVasenzi hwakaita seveVangona ne Vambedzi zvikuru. Zvinotendwa kuti huwandu hwunosvika 85% hwemashoko eChivhenda chanyamusi hwunobva kuChingona chokudhara, asi Vasenzi vakapamaitiro avo echiKaranga akawanda.

Zvichindera nenhoroondo ye Vavhenda yokurevwa, Madzimambo eVasingo (Vakaranga zve) waive nengoma yeupipi yainzi Ngomalungundu (kana Ngoma inotinhira). Yaive ngoma yakakosha kakuru ya Mwari, uyo Mwari Mukuru weVasenzi. Ngomalungundu yaive pfumo ne nhoo ye Vasenzi. Mambo wavo aitendwa kunzi aita mashave nengoma iyi uye kuti aive ne upipi uye masimba ekuuraya. Nekutya Ngomarungundu, mamwe mapoka akasarenda kana kutiza masimba ekuuraya eVasingo.

Vangona (Vavhenda chaivo) vakatya ngoma iyi; vaitenda kuti yaive Izwi raMwari Mukuru wavo, Raluvhimba. Dumidzo remutungo kana Mambo weVangona ainzi Thovhele (kureva Tovera), asi Vasenzi seVakakaranga vaidana vatongi vawo kuti Mambo (kusvika nhasi Makaranga vachiri kushandisa izwi rokuti Mambo). Matumidzo aya aipesaniswa pakushandiswa, asi rakararama ndi Thovhele.

Vasingo vakaramba vane rimwe dumidzo ravo Changamire, raishandiswa kududza mutongizve, we Chikurawadyembeuwu, ikashandurwa kunzi Vele-la-mbeu. Vakashandura chidao chaMwari, Sororezhou kuriita dumidzo, Thohoyandou.

Nhasi zvakaoma kuwana munhu anoda kubvuma kuti muzvarwa weVangona. Izvi zviri kukonzerwa nekuti vakundi vaizvidza Vangona vachivati ​​varoyi. Saka zvakatonyadzisa kuti munhu atore nhaka you uNgona, zvekuti munhu wese akabva atanga kuzviti maMuvhenda. Asi ruzhinji rwevaVavhenda ndiVangona. Vanhu vazhinji vane nhaka ye Vangona vanokwanisa kuzivikanwa nemazita edzinza ravo nemazita emhuri ayo anotanga ne chivakamberi “Ne” (sekuti Nevondo, Nenzhelele, Nedzanani, Nevhutalu, Nemadzivhanani, Neluvhola, Neluonde, Netshitenzhe, Nengwekhulu, nezvimwewo). Chivakamberi chokuti “Ne” chinongoreva mutongi/ muridzi we. Semuenzaniso, Neluvhola zvinoreva mutongi/muridzi weLuvhola. Mazita mazhinji echiVhenda anotanga na“Ne”.

Vechivanhu vekwaVangona vakatambira vakundi nekuvapa ruremekedzo. Vatungamiri vechivanhu vakasiyana veVangona vakaramba vaine masimba munzvimbo dzavanotonga. Ivo, zvakadaro, ikozvino varipa mutero kuna Mambo weVasingo.

Pane ma vhezheni akasiyana eNhoroondo yeVasenzi, mamwe mavhezheni anoenderana neNhoroondo ye Vakaranga (nevanhu vemadzinza echiShona).

1. ↑ "Venda - African Tribe". www.krugerpark.co.za. Retrieved 16 June 2021.
2. ↑ https://zh-cn.facebook.com/notes/magoveni/vhavenda-vhakalanga-history/10152210186652610