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Tiropita
	Tiropita with garnish.
Place of origin	Greece
Main ingredients	phyllo, eggs, cheese
	Cookbook: Tiropita; Media: Tiropita;

Tiropita or tyropita (Greek: τυρóπιτα, "cheese-pie") is a Greek pastry made with layers of buttered phyllo and filled with a cheese-egg mixture.^[1] It is served either in an individual-size free-form wrapped shape, or as a larger pie that is portioned.

When made with kasseri cheese, it may be called kasseropita (κασερόπιτα).^[2]

Spanakotiropita is filled with spinach and cheese; cf. spanakopita.^[3]

History

According to some scholars, it is stated that in Ancient Greek cuisine, placenta cake (or plakous, πλακοῦς), and its descendants in Byzantine cuisine, plakountas tetyromenous (πλακούντας τετυρομένους, "cheesy placenta") and en tyritas plakountas (εν τυρίτας πλακούντας, "cheese-inserted placenta"), are the ancestors of modern tiropita.^[4]^[5] A recipe in Greek tradition recorded in Cato the Elder's De Agri Cultura (160 BC) describes placenta as a sweet layered cheese dish:^[4]^[6]^[7]

Shape the placenta as follows: place a single row of tracta along the whole length of the base dough. This is then covered with the mixture [cheese and honey] from the mortar. Place another row of tracta on top and go on doing so until all the cheese and honey have been used up. Finish with a layer of tracta...place the placenta in the oven and put a preheated lid on top of it [...] When ready, honey is poured over the placenta.

Placenta remains the name for a flat baked pie containing cheese in Aromanian (plãtsintã) and in Romanian (plăcintă).

Other sources state that Turks also developed similar layered dishes like tiropita. Layered pan-fried breads were developed by the Turks of Central Asia in the Late Middle Ages.^[8]

The ancient tyropatinum described by Apicius, despite the similarity in name, was a sweet custard with no crust.^[9]

References

Citations

^ Ozimek, Sarah (1 February 2017). "Tiropita (Greek Cheese Pies)". Curious Cuisinière. Retrieved 10 February 2020. Tiropita (or tyropita) is a Greek pie made from layers of phyllo dough that are filled with a cheese and egg mixture.
^ Dr. Catherine Donnelly & Mateo Kehler (2016). The Oxford Companion to Cheese. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199330904. Retrieved 23 January 2017.
^ "Hellenic Palace" (restaurant review), New York 1:4:5 (April 29, 1968)
^ ^a ^b Faas 2005, pp. 184–185.
^ Salaman 1986, p. 184; Vryonis 1971, p. 482.
^ Cato the Elder. De Agri Cultura, 76.
^ Goldstein 2015, "ancient world": "The next cake of note, first mentioned about 350 B.C.E. by two Greek poets, is plakous. [...] At last, we have recipes and a context to go with the name. Plakous is listed as a delicacy for second tables, alongside dried fruits and nuts, by the gastronomic poet Archestratos. He praises the plakous made in Athens because it was soaked in Attic honey from the thyme-covered slopes of Mount Hymettos. His contemporary, the comic poet Antiphanes, tells us the other main ingredients, goat’s cheese and wheat flour. Two centuries later, in Italy, Cato gives an elaborate recipe for placenta (the same name transcribed into Latin), redolent of honey and cheese. The modern Romanian plăcintă and the Viennese Palatschinke, though now quite different from their ancient Greek and Roman ancestor, still bear the same name."
^ Perry 2000, pp. 87–92.
^ Betty Wason, Cooks, Gluttons and Gourmets, 2018, ISBN 178912459X, n.p.

Sources

Faas, Patrick (2005). Around the Roman Table: Food and Feasting in Ancient Rome. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0226233472.
Goldstein, Darra, ed. (2015). The Oxford Companion to Sugar and Sweets. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0199313396.
Musco, Tom (2003). UMass Journalism Sicily: A History of Sicilian Cuisine. Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts Journalism Program.
Perry, Charles (2000). "6. The Taste for Layered Bread among the Nomadic Turks and the Central Asian Origins of Baklava". In Zubaida, Sami; Tapper, Richard; Roden, Claudia (eds.). A Taste of Thyme: Culinary Cultures of the Middle East. London and New York: Tauris Parke Paperbacks. pp. 87–92. ISBN 1860646034.
Salaman, Rena (1986). "The Case of the Missing Fish, or Dolmathon Prolegomena (1984)". In Davidson, Alan (ed.). Oxford Symposium on Food & Cookery 1984 & 1985, Cookery: Science, Lore and Books Proceedings. London: Prospect Books Limited. pp. 184–187. ISBN 9780907325161.
Vryonis, Speros (1971). The Decline of Medieval Hellenism in Asia Minor and the Process of Islamization from the Eleventh through the Fifteenth Century. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-52-001597-5.

[1] Ozimek, Sarah (1 February 2017). "Tiropita (Greek Cheese Pies)". Curious Cuisinière. Retrieved 10 February 2020. Tiropita (or tyropita) is a Greek pie made from layers of phyllo dough that are filled with a cheese and egg mixture.

[2] Dr. Catherine Donnelly & Mateo Kehler (2016). The Oxford Companion to Cheese. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199330904. Retrieved 23 January 2017.

[3] "Hellenic Palace" (restaurant review), New York 1:4:5 (April 29, 1968)

[Faas-4] Faas 2005, pp. 184–185.

[5] Salaman 1986, p. 184; Vryonis 1971, p. 482.

[6] Cato the Elder. De Agri Cultura, 76.

[Goldstein-7] Goldstein 2015, "ancient world": "The next cake of note, first mentioned about 350 B.C.E. by two Greek poets, is plakous. [...] At last, we have recipes and a context to go with the name. Plakous is listed as a delicacy for second tables, alongside dried fruits and nuts, by the gastronomic poet Archestratos. He praises the plakous made in Athens because it was soaked in Attic honey from the thyme-covered slopes of Mount Hymettos. His contemporary, the comic poet Antiphanes, tells us the other main ingredients, goat’s cheese and wheat flour. Two centuries later, in Italy, Cato gives an elaborate recipe for placenta (the same name transcribed into Latin), redolent of honey and cheese. The modern Romanian plăcintă and the Viennese Palatschinke, though now quite different from their ancient Greek and Roman ancestor, still bear the same name."

[8] Perry 2000, pp. 87–92.

[9] Betty Wason, Cooks, Gluttons and Gourmets, 2018, ISBN 178912459X, n.p.

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Greek cuisine
History	Ancient Greek cuisine Ancient Greece and wine Byzantine cuisine
Ingredients	Basil Caper Dill Eggplant Garlic Honey Mastic Olive oil Olives Oregano Raisin Saffron Semolina Tomato Thyme Walnuts
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Cheeses	Anevato Anthotyros Feta Formaela Graviera Halloumi Kasseri Kefalotyri Kefalograviera Kalathaki Limnou Kopanisti Mykonou Ladotyri Mytilinis Manouri Mastelo Metsovone Metsovela Mizithra Sfela San Michali Talagani Xynotyro Xynomizithra
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Greek pitas
Savory	Hortopita Kasseropita Kasiopita Kolokythopita Kreatopita Kimadopita Kotopita Kothropita Loukanikopita Ladopita Manitaropita Marathopita Melintzanopita Mizithropita Pita with Gyros or Souvlaki Spanakopita Tyropita Tsouknidopita
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Regional	Batzina Blatsariá Kasiata Kichí Kalasouna Ladenia Kimolou Pougia Plastos Pishía
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