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Tiong-kóo phosu-gú; (Pahlavi-gú)
	𐭯𐭠𐭫𐭮𐭩𐭪 (Pārsīk hi̍k-tsiá Pārsīg)
Sú-iōng tē-khu	Sasan Tè-kok (224–651)
Bîn-cho̍k	Persian people
Era	Evolved into Early New Persian by the 9th century; thereafter used only by Zoroastrian priests for exegesis and religious instruction
Gí-hē	Indo-European Indo-Iranian Iranian Western Southwestern Tiong-kóo phosu-gú; (Pahlavi-gú); ; ; ; ;
Chá-kî hêng-sek	Old Persian
Bûn-jī hē-thóng	Pahlavi scripts, Manichaean alphabet, Avestan alphabet, Pazend
Gí-giân tāi-bé
ISO 639-2	pal
ISO 639-3	Either:; pal – Zoroastrian Middle Persian ("Pahlavi"); xmn – Manichaean Middle Persian (Manichaean script)
Glottolog	pahl1241 Pahlavi
Linguasphere	58-AAC-ca

This article contains Persian text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols.

Tiong-kóo phosu-gú hi̍k-tsiá Pahlavi-gú (ing-gú: Middle Persian or Pahlavi, iah iōng i āu-lâi ê hîng-sik hō-miâ [en] tsò Pārsīk-gú hi̍k-tsiá Pārsīg-gú (𐭯𐭠𐭫𐭮𐭩𐭪)^[1]^[2]) sī tsi̍t-tsióng Persia se-pōo tē-khu ê tiong-kóo Iran gú-giân [en], āu-lâi tsiâñ-tsò Sasanian tè-kok ê bûn-ha̍k gú-giân [en]. Teh Sasanian ông-tiâu pang-tshuah liáu-āu ê tsi̍t-tuāñ sî-kan lāi, tông-koo phosu gú-giân kè-siok tsok-uî tsi̍t-tsióng siañ-bōng [en] tsiâñ-kuân ê gú-giân lâi huat-hui tsok-iōng.^[3] Tiong-kóo phosu-gú sī khí-guân teh Achaemenid tè-kok sóo-iōng ê kóo phosu-gú [en], sóo-í tiong-kóo phosu-gú sī hēn-tāi phosu-gú gú-giân ê tsóo-sen, hiān-tāi phosu-tú sī Iran, Afghanistan (dali-gú [en]) hām Tajikistan (Tajik-gú) tíng-tíng kok-ka ê kuan-hong gú-giân.

Tsù-kái

↑ Asatrian, Mushegh (2006). "Iranian Elements in Arabic: The State of Research". Iran & the Caucasus. 10 (1): 87–106. doi:10.1163/157338406777979386.
↑ MacKenzie, D. N. (1986). A Concise Pahlavi Dictionary. OUP. p. 65.
↑ Versteegh, K. (2001). "Linguistic Contacts between Arabic and Other Languages". Arabica. 48 (4): 470–508. doi:10.1163/157005801323163825.

MacKenzie, D. N. 1986. A concise Pahlavi dictionary. London: OUP (Eng-gí)
Maggi, Mauro and Paola Orsatti. 2018. From Old to New Persian. In: The Oxford Handbook of Persian Linguistics. P. 7-52 (Eng-gí)
Nyberg, H. S. (1964): A Manual of Pahlavi I – Texts, Alphabets, Index, Paradigms, Notes and an Introduction, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz. (Eng-gí)
Skjærvø, Prods Oktor. 1997. On the Middle Persian Imperfect. In Syntaxe des Langues Indoiraniennes anciennes, ed. E. Pirart, AuOrSup 6 (Barcelona), 161–88. (Eng-gí)
Skjærvø, Prods Oktor. 2007. Introduction to Pahlavi. Cambridge, Mass. (Eng-gí)
Skjærvø, Prods Oktor. 2009. Middle West Iranian. In Gernot Windfuhr (ed.), The Iranian Languages, 196–278. London & New York: Routledge. (Eng-gí)
Sundermann, Werner. 1989. Mittelpersisch. In: Compendium Linguarum Iranicarum. Herausgegeben von Rudiger Schmidt. Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag. P. 138–165. (Tek-gú)
Расторгуева, В. С. 1966. Среднеперсидский язык. Москва: Издательство "Наука" (Gô-gú)
Расторгуева, В. С., Е. К. Молчанова. 1981. Среднеперсидский язык. In: Основы иранского языкознания, т. 2. Москва: Издательство "Наука". P. 6-146 (Gô-gú)

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Tiong-kóo phosu-gú (Pahlavi-gú)
𐭯𐭠𐭫𐭮𐭩𐭪 (Pārsīk hi̍k-tsiá Pārsīg)

Sú-iōng tē-khu	Sasan Tè-kok (224–651)
Bîn-cho̍k	Persian people
Era	Evolved into Early New Persian by the 9th century; thereafter used only by Zoroastrian priests for exegesis and religious instruction
Gí-hē	Indo-European Indo-Iranian Iranian Western Southwestern Tiong-kóo phosu-gú (Pahlavi-gú)
Chá-kî hêng-sek	Old Persian
Bûn-jī hē-thóng	Pahlavi scripts, Manichaean alphabet, Avestan alphabet, Pazend
Gí-giân tāi-bé
ISO 639-2	`pal`
ISO 639-3	Either: `pal` – Zoroastrian Middle Persian ("Pahlavi") `xmn` – Manichaean Middle Persian (Manichaean script)
Glottolog	`pahl1241` Pahlavi
Linguasphere	`58-AAC-ca`