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Measurement means compare to a fix standard value. To measure something is to give a number to some property of the thing. Measuring something puts the amount of the thing into numbers. Measurement can be written using many different units. For example, if we want to compare two different sized container for holding a given quantity of liquid, we can ask: Are both containers the same size? Will they hold the same amount of liquid?
Many things can be measured. Some properties of things that can be measured:
One can measure many other things.
Most properties are measured using a number and a unit of measurement. The unit of measurement is a standard amount. The number compares the property to the standard amount.
There is an advanced branch of mathematics that is about measuring things with unusual characteristics. This is called measure theory.
Measurement can be the capacity, how long something is, or distance, etc.