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For other uses, see Snep (disambiguation).
SNEP
Formation1922
HeadquartersNeuilly-sur-Seine
Location
  • France
Websitesnepmusique.com

SNEP (French: Syndicat national de l'édition phonographique, in English National Syndicate of Phonographic Publishing) is the inter-professional organisation that protects the interests of the French record industry. Originally known under the acronym SNICOP,[1] the organisation was established in 1922 and has 48 member companies.

SNEP's responsibilities include collecting and distributing royalty payments for broadcast and performance, preventing copyright infringement of its members' works (including music piracy), and sales certification of silver, gold, platinum and diamond records and videos. SNEP also compiles weekly official charts of France's top-selling music, including singles and albums.

Official charts

History

The first attempt at a French national chart of best-selling records originated from a request by the American music industry magazine Billboard. The magazine's French correspondent, Eddie Adamis, compiled a top 10 list of the country's preferred format, the extended play (EP), for Billboard's "Hits of the World" column of 5 June 1961. The number 1 record was an Edith Piaf EP featuring the song "Non, je ne regrette rien". France's coverage in Billboard's "Hits of the World" continued until May 1964, when Adamis resigned from his position. The chart then resumed in June 1967, overseen by a new French correspondent, until SNICOP's involvement in late 1968. While the list continued to demonstrate the dominance of EPs, the British band Procol Harum succeeded in achieving the first French number 1 single, with their 1967 release "A Whiter Shade of Pale".[1]

SNICOP published its first national singles chart, or "Hit Parade Officiel", in October 1968, compiled by the Centre d'Information et de Documentation du Disque.[2] Earlier that year, with reference to the new chart compiler, Billboard had reported that "for the first time the main record companies are cooperating in an effort to produce a reliable sales chart which will serve the industry."[1] By July 1973, SNICOP had long been publishing a national albums chart.[2] These charts were abandoned in November 1977 due to disputes in the French music industry, leaving France without an official sales chart.[1]

The date recognised as the start of SNEP's charts in the modern era is 4 November 1984. This date marks the debut broadcast of Top 50, a television chart show on the recently launched Canal+ network.[1] From the late 1980s, the French charts were complied for SNEP by Top No. 1 which was a subsidiary of Europe No. 1, but SNEP pulled out of the deal in February 1992 because they were unhappy with how Top No. 1 compiled the charts.[3] However, this was resolved when Top No. 1 came up with propositions in May 1992 which SNEP approved of and that were fully implemented in stores by October 1992.[4] In September, 1993, Europe 1 together with Canal+ who had compiled the French charts since 1984, decided to stop producing the charts for SNEP because they were making losses.[5] The singles chart was not published by SNEP again until mid-November 1993,[6] and was not published in Music & Media magazine again until mid-April 1994.[7][8] The new singles chart was criticised by UPFI as being unreliable but this was disputed by SNEP.[9] The albums chart was not resumed until early June 1994.[10]

In December 2020,[11] the London-based Official Charts Company (OCC) announced it was taking over the contract from German company GfK, in compiling the French music charts for SNEP /SCPP (Civil Society of Phonographic Producers), with the OCC taking over on 1 January 2021.[12]

21st century methodology

Since September 2002, the official charts have been as follows:

  • Top 100 best sold singles
  • Top 150 best sold albums ("nouveautés") sold at full price,
  • Top 40 best compilations ("nouveautés") sold at full price
  • Top 40 best sold albums and compilations ("long" format) sold at mid-price or budget price

Criterion: The following guidelines are applied:

  • "Nouveauté" album means its first day of release is less than 2 years
  • Full price album means the catalogue price of album sold is €10 or higher
  • The albums whose release is more than 2 years and/or sale price lower than €10 are excluded from the "nouveauté" charts.
  • The albums sold at "mid-price" or "budget price" are classified in a separate chart and also includes long albums sold at discounted prices.

Certification awards

Albums

The Gold album certification was introduced in January 1973.[13] Platinum certification was added in May 1980, followed by the introduction of Diamond certification in November 1988, which was introduced together with multiple certifications (double Gold, double Platinum and triple Platinum).[13] Silver certification was introduced in 1999.[14] The double Gold certification was discontinued in June 2006[13] and Silver certification was cancelled in July 2009.[15] Multiple diamond certifications were introduced in January 2014.[13] Until 2016, certifications were awarded at the request of the labels, based on sales reported by an accountant report. Since 2016, certification is automatic and includes physical sales, downloads and streams.[13] Streaming were originally counted by summing up the streaming volume for all tracks in the album, dividing the most popular track by 2, and then dividing the result by 1,000.[16] In May 2018 streaming was limited to paid subscriptions and in January 2019 the conversion method for streaming was amended, accumulating all tracks and dividing by 1,500.[13] The certification levels applicable through the years are as follows:[13]

Album certification levels
Certification Before July 1985 Before June 2006 Before July 2009 From July 2009
Silver[14] 50,000 35,000
Gold 100,000 100,000 75,000 50,000
Platinum 400,000 300,000 200,000 100,000
Diamond 1,000,000 750,000 500,000

Singles

The Gold single certification was introduced in January 1973.[13] Platinum single was introduced in May 1980 followed by Silver in July 1985 and Diamond in January 1997.[13] Silver certification was cancelled in July 2009.[15] Until 2016, certifications were awarded at the request of the labels, based on sales reported by an accountant report. Since 2016, certification is automatic and includes physical sales, downloads and streams. Thresholds were set for the total of equivalent sales, based on the formula of 150 streams equalling one download.[13] In April 2018 streaming was limited to paid subscriptions.[13] The sales certification levels applicable through the years are as follows:[13]

Single sales certification levels
Certification Before November 1988 Before March 1991 Before May 2005 Before July 2009 Before January 2013 Before January 2016
Silver[17] 250,000 200,000 125,000 100,000
Gold 500,000 400,000 250,000 200,000 150,000 75,000
Platinum 1,000,000 800,000 500,000 300,000 250,000 150,000
Diamond 750,000 500,000 400,000 250,000

Since April 2018, the total sales of a single is calculated in terms of streams (one download or physical sale equaling 150 streams) and the certification levels are as follows:[13]

Single streaming certification levels
Certification Until April 2018 From April 2018
Gold 10,000,000 streams 15,000,000 streams
Platinum 20,000,000 streams 30,000,000 streams
Diamond 35,000,000 streams 50,000,000 streams

Videos

Video certification was introduced in September 2009 with Gold, Platinum, double Platinum and triple Platinum.[13] Diamond certification was introduced in August 1991.[13] The sales certification levels applicable through the years are as follows:[13]

Video sales certification levels
Certification Before July 2009 Before January 2018 From January 2018
Gold 10,000 7,500 5,000
Platinum 20,000 15,000 10,000
Diamond 100,000 60,000 40,000

Sales charts: Significant milestones and achievements 1984–2019

Artists: Most number-one hits

Number Artist Songs
21 Mylène Farmer[18] "Pourvu qu'elles soient douces", "Désenchantée", "XXL", "Slipping Away (Crier la vie)", "Dégénération", "Appelle mon numéro", "Si j'avais au moins...", "C'est dans l'air", "Sextonik", "Oui mais... non", "Bleu noir", "Lonely Lisa", "À l'ombre", "Stolen Car", "City of Love", "Rolling Stone",[19] "Libertine",[18] "N'oublie pas",[20] "Désobéissance",[21] "Des Larmes",[22] "L'Âme dans l'eau"[23]
9 Johnny Hallyday[24] "Tous ensemble", "Marie", "Mon plus beau Noël", "La Loi du silence", "Ça n'finira jamais", "Je te promets", "J'en parlerai au diable",[25] "Deux sortes d'hommes / Nashville Blues (live)",[26] "Le coeur en deux"[27]
6 Celine Dion[28] "Pour que tu m'aimes encore", "Je sais pas", "My Heart Will Go On/"The Reason[A]", "Sous le vent", "Et s'il n'en restait qu'une (je serais celle-là)", "Encore un soir"
Indochine[29] "J'ai demandé à la lune", "La vie est belle",[30] "Un été français",[31] "Station 13",[32] "Karma Girls",[33] "Nos Célébrations"[34]
Lady Gaga[35] "Poker Face", "Bad Romance", "Perfect Illusion", "Shallow",[36] "Always Remember Us This Way"[37] "Stupid Love"[38]
Rihanna[39] "Don't Stop the Music", "Man Down", "We Found Love", "Diamonds", "The Monster", "Work"
5 Michaël Youn1 "Stach Stach", "Le Frunkp", "Fous ta cagoule", "Mauvaise foi nocturne", "Parle à ma main"
Shakira[40] "Whenever, Wherever", "Hips Don't Lie", "Beautiful Liar", "Waka Waka (This Time for Africa)", "Je l'aime à mourir"
4 Daft Punk[41] "One More Time", "Get Lucky", "Starboy", "I Feel It Coming"
David Guetta[42] "Gettin' Over You", "Sweat", "Dangerous", "This One's for You"
Elton John[43] "Sacrifice", "Don't Let the Sun Go Down on Me", "Can You Feel the Love Tonight", "Something About the Way You Look Tonight / Candle in the Wind 1997"
Garou[44] "Belle", "Seul", "Sous le vent", "La Rivière de notre enfance"
Maître Gims[45] "J'me tire", "Game Over", "La même", "Bella ciao"[46]
Pharrell Williams[47] "Get Lucky", "Blurred Lines", "Happy", "Feels"[48]
Stromae[49] "Alors on danse", "Papaoutai", "Formidable", "Tous les mêmes"

1 All the singles recorded under one of his pseudonyms or as member of his bands are included

Artists: Most weeks at number one

Weeks Artist Details by songs1
40 Celine Dion 12 ("Pour que tu m'aimes encore") + 7 ("Je sais pas") + 13 ("My Heart Will Go on/The Reason")[A] + 3 ("Sous le vent") + 1 ("Et s'il n'en restait qu'une (je serai celle-là)") + 4 ("Encore un soir")
39 Mylène Farmer 5 ("Pourvu qu'elles soient douces") + 9 ("Désenchantée") + 1 ("XXL") + 1 ("Slipping Away (Crier la vie)") + 1 ("Dégénération") + 1 ("Appelle mon numéro") + 1 ("Si j'avais au moins...") + 1 ("C'est dans l'air") + 1 ("Sextonik") + 3 ("Oui mais...Non") + 1 ("Bleu Noir") + 1 ("Lonely Lisa") + 1 ("À l'ombre") + 2 ("Stolen Car") + 1 ("City of Love") + 2 ("Rolling Stone") + 1 ("Libertine") + 3 ("N'oublie pas") + 1 ("Désobéissance") + 1 ("Des Larmes") + 1 ("L'Âme dans l'eau")
38 Pharrell Williams 8 ("Get Lucky") + 6 ("Blurred Lines") + 22 ("Happy") + 2 ("Feels")
37 Garou 18 ("Belle") + 3 ("Sous le vent") + 11 ("Seul") + 5 ("La Rivière de notre enfance")
Michael Youn2 10 ("Stach Stach") + 7 ("Le Frunkp") + 8 ("Fous ta cagoule") + 5 ("Mauvaise foi nocturne") + 7 ("Parle à ma main")
30 Lady Gaga 4 ("PokerFace") + 1 ("Bad Romance") + 1 ("Perfect Illusion") + 22 ("Shallow") + 2 ("Always Remember Us This Way")
26 Elton John 3 ("Sacrifice") + 7 ("Don't Let the Sun Go Down on Me") + 10 ("Can You Feel the Love Tonight") + 6 ("Something About the Way You Look Tonight" / "Candle in the Wind 1997")
25 Crazy Frog 13 ("Axel F") + 7 ("Popcorn") + 5 ("We Are the Champions (Ding a Dang Dong)")
24 Ed Sheeran 15 ("Shape of You)" + 8 ("Perfect") + 1 ("I Don't Care")
23 Florent Pagny 8 ("N'importe quoi") + 9 ("Savoir aimer") + 6 ("Ma Liberté de penser")

1 Songs performed as duets and trios are included
2 Songs performed within Brastisla Boys and Fatal Bazooka bands and as Alphonse Brown included

Artists: Most top 10 hits

Artist Number
Mylène Farmer[18] 48
Booba[50] 29
Johnny Hallyday[51] 26
David Guetta[52] 26
Madonna[53] 22
Rihanna[54] 22
Michael Jackson[55] 19
Celine Dion[56] 17
Lady Gaga[57] 16
Britney Spears[58] 13

Artists: Most top 50 entries

Artist Number
Johnny Hallyday 78
Mylène Farmer 60
Madonna 59
David Guetta 51
Booba 42
Rihanna 37
Michael Jackson 36
Celine Dion 35
Florent Pagny 30
Britney Spears 28

Songs: Most weeks at number one

Weeks Song Artist Year
22 "Happy"[59] Pharrell Williams 2013
"Shallow"[36] Lady Gaga and Bradley Cooper 2018
20 "Mambo nº 5 (A Little Bit of...)"[60] Lou Bega 1999
18 "Belle"[61] Daniel Lavoie, Patrick Fiori & Garou 1998
"Despacito"[62] Luis Fonsi & Daddy Yankee 2017
17 "Les Rois du monde (Roméo et Juliette)"[63] Philippe D'Avilla, Damien Sargue & Grégori Baquet 2000
16 "7 Seconds"[63] Youssou N'Dour & Neneh Cherry 1994
15 "Dur dur d'être bébé!"[63] Jordy 1992
"Living on My Own"[64] Freddie Mercury 1993
"Ces Soirées-là"[63] Yannick 2000
"Dragostea Din Tei"[63] O-Zone 2004
"Un Monde Parfait"[65] Ilona Mitrecey 2005
"Prayer in C"[63] Lilly Wood and the Prick and Robin Schulz 2014
"Shape of You"[66] Ed Sheeran 2017

Songs: Biggest jump to number one

Position Song Artist Date
97 "Lonely Lisa" Mylène Farmer July 9, 2011
70 "Relax, Take It Easy" Mika July 7, 2007
67 "Hung Up" Madonna November 12, 2005
64 "Baila morena" Zucchero February 25, 2006
64 "Gettin' Over You" David Guetta & Chris Willis (feat. Fergie & LMFAO) June 19, 2010
60 "Zidane y va marquer" Cauet July 15, 2006
49 "The Ketchup Song (Aserejé)" Las Ketchup September 14, 2002
47 "Nolwenn Ohwo!" Nolwenn Leroy January 28, 2006
26 "Spaceman" Babylon Zoo March 9, 1996
21 "Don't Cry for Me Argentina" Madonna January 25, 1997

Songs: Most weeks in the top 10

Weeks Song Artist Year
46 "Shallow" Lady Gaga & Bradley Cooper 2018
37 "Happy" Pharrell Williams 2013
"Dance Monkey" Tones and I 2019
36 "Shape of You" Ed Sheeran 2017
35 "Blinding Lights" The Weeknd 2019
"Chandelier" Sia 2014
33 "A nos souvenirs" Trois Cafés Gourmands 2018
31 "Pour que tu m'aimes encore" Céline Dion 1995
"Belle" Patrick Fiori, Garou & Daniel Lavoie 1998
"Moi... Lolita" Alizée 2000

Sales and streaming charts: Significant milestones and achievements 2017–present

Songs: Most weeks at number one

Weeks Song Artist Year
18 "Petit Génie"[67] Jungeli featuring Abou Debeing, Alonzo, Lossa and Imen Es 2023
15 "Shape of You"[66] Ed Sheeran 2017
13 "Despacito"[62] Luis Fonsi featuring Daddy Yankee 2017
13 "Die"[68] Gazo 2022
12 "Bande organisée"[69] Jul featuring Sch, Naps, Kofs, Elams, Solda, Houari and Soso Maness 2020
11 "Réseaux"[70] Niska 2017
10 "La Kiffance"[71] Naps 2021
9 "Jefe"[72] Ninho 2021
8 "Old Town Road"[73] Lil Nas X 2019
8 "Flowers"[74] Miley Cyrus 2023

Artists: Most number-one hits

Number Artist Songs
12 Ninho[75][76][77] "Air Max", "Goutte d'eau", "Méchant", "6.3", "Lettre à une femme", "Grand bain", "Jefe", "Tout va Bien", "Jolie", "C'est carré le S", "Freestyle Lvl Up 1","Eurostar"
11 Damso[78] "Mwaka Moon", "Ipséité", "Smog", "La Loi du silence", "Rêves bizarres", "Tricheur", "Morose", "Dégaine", "Rencontre", "Nocif", "La Rue"
9 Booba[79] "Petite fille", "Madrina", "Sale Mood", "PGP", "Médicament", "Arc-en-ciel", "5G", "Ratpi World", "Mona Lisa"
8 Gazo[80][81] "Filtré", "Le Classico Organisé", "Celine 3x", "Die", "C'est carré le S", "La Rue", "Casanova", "Notre Dame"
7 Naps[82] "6.3", "Bande organisée", "La Kiffance", "Le Classico Organisé", "Tout va Bien","C'est carré le S"
6 SCH[63][50] "Bande organisée", "9 1 1 3", "Mother Fuck", "Marché noir", "Mannschaft", "Lif"
5 Aya Nakamura[83] "Djadja", "Copines", "Jolie nana", "Plus jamais", "Dégaine"
4 Gambi[84] "Hé oh", "Popopop", "Dans l'espace", "Petete"
4 Jul[85] "Toto et Ninetta", "Bande organisée", "Mother Fuck", "Le Classico Organisé"
4 PLK[86] "Un Peu De Haine", "Petrouchka", "Le Classico Organisé", "Demain"

Artists: Most top 10 hits

Artist Number
Ninho[87][88][89] 65
Damso[90] 48
Niska[91]
[92][89] 		37
Booba[50] 34
Gazo[93][94] 30
Tiakola[95][96][97] 27
PLK[86] 24
Aya Nakamura[98] 23
Orelsan[99] 22
Vald[100] 21

Notes

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e "The French charts are celebrating their 33rd anniversary. Or is it their 56th?". muzhit.com. 4 August 2017. Retrieved 23 March 2019.
  2. ^ a b "An Industry Report on France". Billboard. 14 July 1973. p. 42. Retrieved 23 March 2019.
  3. ^ Watson, Miranda (February 22, 1992). "SNEP GM Denounces Top No. 1 Chart Deal" (PDF). Music & Media. pp. 1 and 22. Retrieved March 18, 2023.
  4. ^ Watson, Miranda (October 24, 1992). "SNEP Re-enters Chart Deal With Top No' 1" (PDF). Music & Media. p. 3. Retrieved March 18, 2023.
  5. ^ Legrand, Emmanuel (September 18, 1993). "Canal + Withdraws From Top 50; France Left Without Charts" (PDF). Music & Media. pp. 1 and 21. Retrieved March 18, 2023.
  6. ^ Legrand, Emmanuel (December 4, 1993). "SNEP Restarts Singles Chart" (PDF). Music & Media. pp. 1–20. Retrieved March 20, 2023.
  7. ^ Legrand, Emmanuel (April 16, 1994). "French Singles Chart Resume in M&M" (PDF). Music & Media. pp. 1 and 23. Retrieved March 18, 2023.
  8. ^ "Top 10 Sales in Europe – France" (PDF). Music & Media. April 9, 1994. p. 25. Retrieved March 18, 2023.
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  13. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p "A propos des certifications". SNEP (in French). Retrieved 26 May 2021.
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  22. ^ "Mylène Farmer – Des larmes (single)". www.chartsinfrance.net.
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  26. ^ "Johnny Hallyday – Deux Sortes D'Hommes / Nashville Blues (live) (single)". www.chartsinfrance.net.
  27. ^ "Johnny Hallyday – Le cour en deux (single)". www.chartsinfrance.net.
  28. ^ "lescharts.com – Les charts français". lescharts.com.
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  30. ^ "Indochine – La vie est belle (single)". www.chartsinfrance.net.
  31. ^ "Indochine – Un été français (single)". www.chartsinfrance.net.
  32. ^ "Indochine – Station 13 (single)". www.chartsinfrance.net.
  33. ^ "Indochine – Karma Girls (single)". www.chartsinfrance.net.
  34. ^ "Indochine – Nos Célébrations (single)". www.chartsinfrance.net.
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  37. ^ "Lady Gaga – Always Remember Us This Way (single)". www.chartsinfrance.net.
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  47. ^ "lescharts.com – Les charts français". lescharts.com.
  48. ^ "Calvin Harris – Feels (single)". www.chartsinfrance.net.
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  99. ^ "lescharts.com – Les charts français". lescharts.com.
  100. ^ "lescharts.com – Les charts français". lescharts.com.
source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNEP