Calendar year
1917 (MCMXVII ) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar , the 1917th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini 2nd millennium , the 17th year of the 20th century , and the 8th year of the 1910s decade. As of the start of 1917, the Gregorian calendar was 13 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
Calendar year
Events
Below, the events of World War I have the "WWI" prefix.
January
February
February 1 – WWI: Atlantic U-boat Campaign : Germany announces its U-boats will resume unrestricted submarine warfare , rescinding the 'Sussex PledgeFebruary 3 – WWI: The United States severs diplomatic relations with Germany.February 12 : Club Deportivo Toluca F.C. was founded on February 12, 1917 in the house of the Ferrat-Solá family, located at number #37 on the avenue Juárez the charter of Deportivo Toluca was lifted; forming a board of directors that was joined by personalities such as Leonardo and Joaquín Sánchez, Abel Moreno and Manuel Lara.February 13
February 21 – British troopship SS Mendi is accidentally rammed and sunk off the Isle of Wight , killing 646, mainly members of the South African Native Labour Corps .[ 4] February 24 – WWI: Walter Hines Page , United States ambassador to the United Kingdom, is shown the intercepted Zimmermann Telegram , in which Germany offers to give the American Southwest back to Mexico, if Mexico will take sides with Germany, in case the United States declares war on Germany.President Woodrow Wilson of the United States announces to Congress the breaking of diplomatic relations with Germany
March
Women calling for bread and peace - Petrograd, 8 March 1917 SS Storstad , the ship that rammed and sank the RMS Empress of Ireland , is torpedoed and sunk by SM U-62 with the loss of 3 crew members.
March 10 – The Province of Batangas is formally founded, as one of the Philippines ' first encomiendas .March 11 – Mexican Revolution : Venustiano Carranza is elected president of Mexico; the United States gives de jure March 12 – The Russian Duma declares a Provisional Government . It was dissolved 4 months later.March 14 – WWI: The Republic of China terminates diplomatic relations with Germany.March 15 (N.S.) (March 2 , O.S.) – Emperor Nicholas II of Russia abdicates his throne and his son's claims. This is considered to be the end of the Russian Empire , after 196 years.March 16 (N.S.) (March 3 , O.S.) – Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich of Russia refuses the throne, and power passes to the newly formed Provisional Government, under Prince Georgy Lvov .March 25 – The Georgian Orthodox Church restores the autocephaly , abolished by Imperial Russia in 1811 .March 26 – WWI – First Battle of Gaza : British Egyptian Expeditionary Force troops virtually encircle the Gaza garrison, but are then ordered to withdraw, leaving the city to the Ottoman defenders.March 30 – Hjalmar Hammarskjöld steps down as Prime Minister of Sweden ; he is replaced by right-wing businessman and politician Carl Swartz .March 31 – The United States takes possession of the Danish West Indies, which become the US Virgin Islands , after paying $25 million to Denmark.
April
Lenin
May
June
June 1 – 1917 French Army mutinies : A French infantry regiment seizes Missy-aux-Bois , and declares an anti-war military government. Other French army troops soon apprehend them.June 4 – The first Pulitzer Prizes are awarded: Laura E. Richards , Maud Howe Elliott and Florence Hall receive the first Pulitzer for a biography, (for Julia Ward Howe Jean Jules Jusserand receives the first Pulitzer for history, for his work With Americans of Past and Present Days. Herbert Bayard Swope receives the first Pulitzer for journalism, for his work for the New York World .June 5 – WWI: Conscription begins in the United States.June 7 – WWI: Battle of Messines opens with the British Army detonating 24 ammonal mines under the German lines, killing 10,000 in the deadliest deliberate non-nuclear man-made explosion in history.June 8 – Speculator Mine disaster : A fire at the Granite Mountain and Speculator ore mine, outside Butte, Montana , kills at least 168 workers.June 11 – King Constantine I of Greece abdicates for the first time, being succeeded by his son Alexander .June 13 – WWI: The first major German bombing raid on London by fixed-wing aircraft leaves 162 dead and 432 injured.June 15 – The United States enacts the Espionage Act .
July
July – The first Cottingley Fairies photographs are taken in Yorkshire , England, apparently depicting fairies (a hoax not admitted by the child creators until 1981 ).July 1 – WWI: Russian General Brusilov begins the major Kerensky offensive in Galicia , initially advancing towards Lemberg .July 1 –3 – East St. Louis massacre : A labor dispute ignites a race riot in East St. Louis, Illinois , which leaves 250 dead.July 2 – WWI: Greece joins the war on the side of the Allies .[ 13] [ 14] July 6 – WWI:
July 7 – The Lions Clubs International is formed in the United States.July 8 –13 – WWI: First Battle of Ramadi – British troops fail to take Ramadi from the Ottoman Empire; a majority of British casualties are due to extreme heat.July 12 – Bisbee Deportation : The Phelps Dodge Corporation deports over 1,000 suspected IWW members from Bisbee, Arizona .July 16 –17 – Russian troops mutiny, abandon the Austrian front, and retreat to Ukraine ; hundreds are shot by their commanding officers during the retreat.July 16 –18 – July Days : Serious clashes occur in Petrograd ; Vladimir Lenin escapes to Finland ; Leon Trotsky is arrested.July 17 – King George V of the United Kingdom issues a proclamation, stating that thenceforth the male line descendants of the British Royal Family will bear the surname Windsor , vice the Germanic bloodline of House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha House of Wettin ).July 20
The Parliament of Finland , with a Social Democratic majority, passes a "Sovereignty Act", declaring itself, as the representative of the Finnish people, sovereign over the Grand Principality of Finland . The Russian Provisional Government does not recognize the act, as it would have devolved Russian sovereignty over Finland, formerly exercised by the Russian Emperor as Grand Prince of Finland, and alter the relationship between Finland and Russia into a real union, with Russia solely responsible for the defence and foreign relations of an independent Finland.
(July 7 , O.S.) – Alexander Kerensky becomes premier of the Russian Provisional Government , replacing Prince Georgy Lvov .
The Russian Provisional Government enacts women's suffrage .
The Corfu Declaration , which enables the establishment of the post-war Kingdom of Yugoslavia , is signed by the Yugoslav Committee and the Kingdom of Serbia . July 20 –28 – WWI: Austrian and German forces repulse the Russian advance into Galicia .July 25 – Sir William Thomas White introduces Canada's first income tax as a "temporary" measure (lowest bracket is 4% and highest is 25%).July 28 – The Silent Parade is organized by the NAACP in New York City, to protest the East St. Louis massacre of early July, as well as lynchings in Tennessee and Texas .July 30 – The Parliament of Finland is dissolved by the Russian Provisional Government . New elections are held in the autumn, resulting in a bourgeois majority.July 31 – WWI: Battle of Passchendaele ("Third Battle of Ypres") – Allied offensive operations commence in Flanders.
August
September
October
Brazilian President Venceslau Brás signs a declaration of war against the Central Powers
November
November 1 – WWI:
November 2 – Zionism : The British Foreign Secretary Arthur Balfour makes the Balfour Declaration , proclaiming British support for the "establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people..., it being clearly understood that nothing shall be done which may prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities".November 5 (N.S.) (October 23 , O.S.) – Estonian and Russian Bolsheviks seize power in Tallinn , Autonomous Governorate of Estonia , two days before the October Revolution in Petrograd .November 6
November 7
November 8 (N.S.) (October 26 , O.S.) – Following the October Revolution , Alexandra Kollontai is appointed People's Commissar for Social Welfare in the Council of People's Commissars of the Government of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic , the first woman cabinet minister in Europe.November 13 – WWI:
November 15
November 16
November 17
November 19 – WWI: Battle of Caporetto ends with Austrian and German forces driving the Italian army to retreat 150 kilometres south to the Piave river. The Italians lose 13,000 killed, 30,000 wounded, around 270,000 taken prisoner (mostly willingly) and 50,000 deserted ; the government of Paolo Boselli collapses on November 29.November 20
November 22 – In Montreal , Quebec, Canada, the National Hockey Association suspends operations.November 23 – The Bolsheviks release the full text of the previously secret Sykes–Picot Agreement of 1916 in Izvestia Pravda Manchester Guardian November 26 .November 24 – A bomb kills 9 members of the Milwaukee Police Department , the most deaths in a single event in U.S. police history (until the September 11 attacks in 2001 ).November 25 – WWI: Battle of Ngomano – German forces defeat a Portuguese army of about 1,200 at Negomano , on the border of modern-day Mozambique and Tanzania .November 26 – The National Hockey League is formed in Montreal, as a replacement for the recently disbanded National Hockey Association .November 28 – WWI: The Bolsheviks offer peace terms to the Germans .
December
The Senate of Finland in 1917 December 6
December 9 – WWI – Battle of Jerusalem : The British Egyptian Expeditionary Force accepts the surrender of Jerusalem by the mayor, Hussein al-Husayni , following the effective defeat of the Ottoman Empire 's Yildirim Army Group .
December 11 – WWI: General Edmund Allenby leads units of the British Egyptian Expeditionary Force into Jerusalem on foot through, the Jaffa Gate .December 17 – The Raad van Vlaanderen Flanders .December 20 (N.S.) (December 7 , O.S.) – The Cheka , a predecessor to the KGB , is established in Russia.December 23 (N.S.) (December 10 , O.S.) – A local plebiscite supports transferring Narva and Ivangorod (Jaanilinn ) from the Petrograd Governorate , to the Autonomous Governorate of Estonia .December 25 – Jesse Lynch Williams 's Why Marry? Pulitzer Prize , opens at the Astor Theatre, New York City .December 26 – United States President Woodrow Wilson uses the Federal Possession and Control Act to place most U.S. railroads under the United States Railroad Administration , hoping to transport troops and materials for the war effort more efficiently.December 30 – WWI: The Egyptian Expeditionary Force secures the victory at the Battle of Jerusalem , by successfully defending Jerusalem from numerous Yildirim Army Group counterattacks.
Date unknown
Births
January
Ernest Borgnine Jânio Quadros January 2
January 3
January 5
January 6 – Koo Chen-fu , Nationalist Chinese negotiator (d. 2005 )January 10
January 12 – Jimmy Skinner , American hockey coach (d. 2007 )[ 19] January 15 – K. A. Thangavelu , Indian film actor, comedian (d. 1994 )January 17 – M. G. Ramachandran , Tamil Nadu chief minister, actor (d. 1987 )January 21 – Erling Persson , Swedish businessman, founder of H&M (d. 2002 )January 24 – Ernest Borgnine , American actor (d. 2012 )January 25
January 26 – Louis Zamperini , American prisoner of war (World War II), Olympic distance athlete (1936), and Christian evangelist (d. 2014 )[ 20] January 29 – John Raitt , American actor, singer (d. 2005 )
February
Zsa Zsa Gabor Agha Yahya Khan , President of Pakistan February 2 – Đỗ Mười , Vietnamese leader (d. 2018 )February 3 – Shlomo Goren , Ashkenazi Chief Rabbi of Israel (d. 1994 )February 4 – Yahya Khan , 3rd President of Pakistan (d. 1980 )February 5 – Isuzu Yamada , Japanese actress (d. 2012 )February 6
February 9 – Joseph Conombo , Prime Minister of Upper Volta (d. 2008 )February 11
February 14 – Herbert A. Hauptman , American mathematician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry (d. 2011 )[ 22] February 17
February 18 – Tuulikki Pietilä , Finnish artist (d. 2009 )February 19 – Carson McCullers , American author (d. 1967 )February 20 – Juan Vicente Torrealba , Venezuelan harpist, composer (d. 2019 )February 21 – Lucille Bremer , American actress, dancer (d. 1996 )February 23 – Abdelmunim Al-Rifai , 2-time prime minister of Jordan (d. 1985 )February 25
February 27
February 28 – Ernesto Alonso , Mexican actor, director, cinematographer, and producer (d. 2007 )
March
Dinah Shore Desi Arnaz Dame Vera Lynn Cyrus Vance March 1
March 2
March 3 – Sameera Moussa , Egyptian nuclear scientist (d. 1952 )March 5 – Raymond P. Shafer , 39th Governor of Pennsylvania (d. 2006 )March 6
March 12
March 16 – Mehrdad Pahlbod , Iranian royal and politician (d. 2018 )March 18 – Mircea Ionescu-Quintus , Romanian politician (d. 2017 )March 19
March 20
March 21 – Yigael Yadin , Israeli archeologist, politician, and Military Chief of Staff (d. 1984 )March 22 – Virginia Grey , American actress (d. 2004 )March 24
March 26 – Rufus Thomas , American singer (d. 2001 )March 27 – Cyrus Vance , American politician (d. 2002 )
April
Robert Bloch Ella Fitzgerald April 1 – Sydney Newman , Canadian-born television producer (d. 1997 )April 5 – Robert Bloch , American writer (d. 1994 )April 7
April 8 – Hubertus Ernst , Dutch Roman Catholic prelate (d. 2017 )April 9
April 10 – Robert Burns Woodward , American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1979 )April 11 – Morton Sobell , American spy (d. 2018 )April 12 – Džemal Bijedić , Yugoslav politician (d. 1977 )April 13
April 14 – Valerie Hobson , British actress (d. 1998 )April 15 – Hans Conried , American actor (d. 1982 )April 16 – Barry Nelson , American actor (d. 2007 )April 22 – Yvette Chauviré , French ballerina (d. 2016 )April 23 – Dorian Leigh , American model (d. 2008 )April 24 – Song Ping , Chinese communist revolutionary and former politician.April 25 – Ella Fitzgerald , American jazz singer (d. 1996 )[ 26] April 26 – I. M. Pei , Chinese-born architect (d. 2019 )April 28 – Minoru Chiaki , Japanese actor (d. 1999 )April 29
May
Raymond Burr John F. Kennedy May 1
May 3
May 6 – Morihiro Higashikuni , Japanese prince (d. 1969 )May 7 – David Tomlinson , English actor (d. 2000 )May 12 – Frank Clair , Canadian football coach (d. 2005 )May 14 – Lou Harrison , American composer (d. 2003 )May 15 – Jerzy Duszyński , Polish actor (d. 1978 )May 16 – Juan Rulfo , Mexican writer, photographer (d. 1986 )[ 27] May 20 – Bergur Sigurbjörnsson , Icelandic politician (d. 2005 )May 21 – Raymond Burr , Canadian actor, best known for his role in Perry Mason 1993 )May 22 – Georg Tintner , Austrian conductor (d. 1999 )May 24 – Florence Knoll , American architect, furniture designer (d. 2019 )May 28
May 29 – John F. Kennedy , 35th President of the United States (d. 1963 )May 31 – Zilka Salaberry , Brazilian actress (d. 2005 )
June
Dean Martin Eric Hobsbawm Susan Hayward June 1 – William S. Knowles , American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2012 )[ 28] June 4 – Robert Merrill , American baritone (d. 2004 )June 6 – Kirk Kerkorian , Armenian-American businessman, billionaire (d. 2015 )June 7
June 8 – Byron White , American football player and Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (d. 2002 )June 9 – Eric Hobsbawm , Egyptian-born British historian (d. 2012 )[ 31] June 10 – Ruari McLean , Scottish-born typographer (d. 2006 )June 13 – Augusto Roa Bastos , Paraguayan writer (d. 2005 )[ 32] June 14
June 15 – John Fenn , American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2010 )June 16
June 17 – Huang Feili , Chinese conductor, musical educator (d. 2017 )June 18
June 24 – Ahmad Sayyed Javadi , Iranian lawyer, political activist and politician (d. 2013 )June 25
June 26 – Idriz Ajeti , Albanian albanologist (d. 2019 )June 29 – Ling Yun , Chinese politician (d. 2018 )June 30
July
Reg Smythe Robert Conquest Phyllis Diller July 1
July 2 – André Lafargue , French journalist, resistance fighter (d. 2017 )July 4 – Manolete , Spanish bullfighter (d. 1947 )July 6
July 7
July 9
July 10
July 11 – Per Carleson , Swedish épée fencer (d. 2004 )July 12
July 15
July 17
July 18
July 19 – William Scranton , American politician (d. 2013 )July 20 – Paul Hubschmid , Swiss actor (d. 2001 )July 21
July 22
July 23
July 24 – Henri Betti , French composer, pianist (d. 2005 )July 25 – Fritz Honegger , 79th president of Switzerland (d. 1999 )July 26 – Lorna Gray , American actress (d. 2017 )July 27 – Wu Zhonghua , Chinese physicist, pioneered three-dimensional flow theory (d. 1992 )July 30 – Keith Rae , Australian rules footballer (d. 2021 )
August
Robert Mitchum Jack Kirby Denis Healey August 6 – Robert Mitchum , American actor (d. 1997 )August 7 – Raja Perempuan Zainab , Queen of Malaysia (d. 1993 )August 8 – Earl Cameron , Bermudian actor (d. 2020 )August 9 – Jao Tsung-I , Chinese-born Hong Kong scholar, poet, calligrapher and painter (d. 2018 )August 11 – Vasiľ Biľak , Slovak Communist leader (d. 2014 )August 12 – Marjorie Reynolds , American actress (d. 1997 )August 15
August 17 – Zvi Keren , American-born Israeli pianist, musicologist and composer (d. 2008 )August 18 – Caspar Weinberger , United States Secretary of Defense (d. 2006 )August 21 – Esther Cooper Jackson , African-American civil rights activist (d. 2022 )August 22 – John Lee Hooker , African-American musician (d. 2001 )August 23
August 25
August 26 – William French Smith , 74th United States Attorney General (d. 1990 )August 28 – Jack Kirby , American comic book artist (d. 1994 )[ 38] August 29 – Isabel Sanford , African-American actress, best known for her role in The Jeffersons 2004 )August 30
September
Ferdinand Marcos Fernando Rey El Santo September 5 – Pedro E. Guerrero , American photographer (d. 2012 )September 6 – Philipp von Boeselager , German Wehrmacht officer, failed assassin of Adolf Hitler (d. 2008 )[ 39] September 7
September 9 – Russell Hellman , American politician and member of the Michigan House of Representatives from 1961 to 1980 (d. 2004 )September 10 – Miguel Serrano , Chilean diplomat, explorer and journalist (d. 2009 )September 11
September 17 – Henry Pearce , Australian politician (d. 1992 )September 18 – June Foray , American voice actress (d. 2017 )[ 40] September 20
September 22 – Anna Campori , Italian actress (d. 2018 )September 23
September 24 – Otto Günsche , German general (d. 2003 )September 26 – Tran Duc Thao , Vietnamese phenomenologist and Marxist philosopher (d. 1993 )September 28 – Wee Chong Jin , Singaporean judge (d. 2005 )
October
June Allyson Rodney Robert Porter Dizzy Gillespie Joan Fontaine October 2
October 6 – Fannie Lou Hamer , African-American civil rights activist (d. 1977 )October 7 – June Allyson , American actress (d. 2006 )October 8 – Rodney Robert Porter , English biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1985 )October 10 – Thelonious Monk , African-American jazz pianist (d. 1982 )October 15 – Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr. , American historian, political commentator (d. 2007 )October 17
October 19 – Walter Munk , Austrian-born American oceanographer (d. 2019 )October 20
October 21 – Dizzy Gillespie , African-American musician (d. 1993 )October 22 – Joan Fontaine , British-born actress (d. 2013 )October 24 – Fang Huai , Chinese military officer and major general of PLA (d. 2019 )October 27 – Oliver Tambo , South African activist, revolutionary (d. 1993 )October 28
October 30
October 31 – Gordon Steege , Australian military officer (d. 2013 )
November
Park Chung Hee Pedro Infante Indira Gandhi November 1 – Erich Rudorffer , German fighter ace (d. 2016 )November 2
November 3 – Chung Sze-yuen , Hong Kong politician (d. 2018 )November 4 – Virginia Field , British-born actress (d. 1992 )November 5 – Jacqueline Auriol , French aviator (d. 2000 )November 10 – Koun Wick , Cambodian statesman and diplomat (d. 1999 )November 11 – Madeleine Damerment , French WWII heroine (d. 1944 )November 12
November 13 – Infanta Alicia, Duchess of Calabria , Austrian-born Spanish and Italian princess (d. 2017 )November 14 – Park Chung Hee , 3rd president of South Korea (d. 1979 )[ 41] November 18 – Pedro Infante , Mexican actor, singer (d. 1957 )November 19 – Indira Gandhi , Prime Minister of India (d. 1984 )[ 42] November 22 – Andrew Huxley , English scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 2012 )November 24 – Shabtai Rosenne , British-born Israeli diplomat, jurist (d. 2010 )November 28
November 29 – Pierre Gaspard-Huit , French film director, screenwriter (d. 2017 )
December
Sir Arthur C. Clarke Heinrich Böll Ellis Clarke December 5 – Wenche Foss , Norwegian actress (d. 2011 )December 6 – Kamal Jumblatt , leader of the Lebanese Druze (d. 1977 )December 7 – Hurd Hatfield , American actor (d. 1998 )December 8 – Ian Johnson , Australian cricketer (d. 1998 )December 9 – James Rainwater , American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1986 )December 10 – Sultan Yahya Petra of Kelantan , King of Malaysia (d. 1979 )December 11 – Mien Sondakh , Indonesian actress and singer (d. 1998 )December 15 – Shan-ul-Haq Haqqee , Pakistani poet, author and lexicographer (d. 2005 )December 16
December 18 – Ossie Davis , African-American actor, film director and activist (d. 2005 )December 19 – Paul Brinegar , American actor (d. 1995 )December 20
December 21 – Heinrich Böll , German writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1985 )[ 44] December 22 – Marthe Gosteli , Swiss women's suffrage campaigner (d. 2017 )December 24
December 25
December 28 – Ellis Clarke , 1st President of Trinidad and Tobago (d. 2010 )December 29 – Ramanand Sagar , Indian film director (d. 2005 )December 30 – Seymour Melman , American industrial engineer (d. 2004 )December 31 – Suzy Delair , French actress, singer (d. 2020 )
Date unknown
Deaths
Buffalo Bill Cody Ferdinand von Zeppelin Emil von Behring January 2 – Sir Edward Tylor , English anthropologist (b. 1832 )January 4 – Frederick Selous , British explorer (b. 1851 )January 6
January 8 – Mary Arthur McElroy , de facto First Lady of the United States (b. 1841 )January 10 – Buffalo Bill , American frontiersman (b. 1846 )January 16 – George Dewey , U.S. admiral (b. 1837 )January 18 – Andrew Murray , South African author, educationist and pastor (b. 1828 )January 28 – Yikuang , Prince Qing of the First Rank (b. 1838 )January 29 – Evelyn Baring, 1st Earl of Cromer , British diplomat and colonial administrator (b. 1841 )[ 46] February 3 – Alexey Abaza , Russian admiral and politician (b. 1853 )February 5 – Jaber II Al-Sabah , Emir of Kuwait (b. 1860 )February 8 – Anton Haus , Austro-Hungarian admiral (b. 1851 )February 10 – John William Waterhouse , Italian-born English artist (b. 1849 )February 16 – Octave Mirbeau , French art critic and novelist (b. 1848 )February 17 – Carolus-Duran , French painter (b. 1837 )February 21
March 5 – Manuel de Arriaga , 1st President of Portugal (b. 1840 )March 6 – Jules Vandenpeereboom , 17th Prime Minister of Belgium (b. 1843 )March 8 – Ferdinand von Zeppelin , German general and inventor (b. 1838 )[ 47] March 14 – Robert Viren , Imperial Russian Navy admiral (b. 1857 )March 17 – Franz Brentano , German philosopher, psychologist (b. 1838 )March 29 – Maximilian von Prittwitz , German general (b. 1848 )March 31 – Emil von Behring , German winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1854 )
Prince Friedrich Karl of Prussia Jose Manuel Pando Titu Maiorescu Frans Schollaert April 1 – Scott Joplin , African-American ragtime composer, pianist (b. c.1868 )April 3 – Milton Wright , American bishop, father of the Wright brothers (b. 1828 )April 6 – Prince Friedrich Karl of Prussia (b. 1893 )April 7 – George Brown , British missionary (b. 1835 )April 8 – Richard Olney , American politician (b. 1835 )April 13 – Diamond Jim Brady , American businessman and philanthropist (b. 1856 )April 14 – L. L. Zamenhof , Polish creator of Esperanto (b. 1859 )April 18 – F. C. Burnand , British playwright and comic writer (b. 1836 )April 29 – Tehaapapa III , Tahitian queen (b. 1879 )May 7 – Albert Ball , British World War I fighter ace, posthumous Victoria Cross recipient (killed in action) (b. 1896 )[ 48] May 17
May 18 – John Nevil Maskelyne , English magician and inventor (b. 1839 )May 20 – Philipp von Ferrary , Italian stamp collector (b. 1850 )May 23 – Queen Ranavalona III of Madagascar (b. 1855 )May 24 – Les Darcy , Australian boxer (b. 1895 )May 25
May 27 – Yevgeni Ivanovich Alekseyev , Imperial Russian Navy admiral and politician (b. 1843 )May 29 – Kate Harrington , American teacher, writer and poet (b. 1831 )June 3 – Matilda Carse , Irish-born American businesswoman, social reformer (b. 1835 )June 5 – Karl Emil Schäfer , German World War I fighter ace (killed in action) (b. 1891 )June 12 – Teresa Carreño , Venezuelan pianist, singer, composer and conductor (b. 1853 )June 14 – Thomas W. Benoist , American aviator, aircraft designer and manufacturer, founder of the world' s first scheduled airline (b. 1874 )June 15 – Kristian Birkeland , Norwegian physicist (b. 1867 )[ 49] June 17 – José Manuel Pando , 25th President of Bolivia (b. 1849 )June 18 – Titu Maiorescu , Romanian politician, 23rd Prime Minister of Romania (b. 1840 )June 26 – Ella Giles Ruddy , American author and essayist (b. 1851 )June 27
June 29 – Frans Schollaert , 19th Prime Minister of Belgium (b. 1851 )June 30
Adolf von Baeyer Mata Hari July 2
July 8 – Tom Thomson , Canadian painter (b. 1877 )July 12
July 15 – Andrey Selivanov , Russian general and politician (b. 1847 )July 16 – Philipp Scharwenka , Polish-German composer (b. 1847 )July 20 – Ignaz Sowinski , Polish architect (b. 1858 )July 27 – Emil Theodor Kocher , Swiss medical researcher, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1841 )July 28 – Ririkumutima , Queen regent of BurundiJuly 31
August 3 – Ferdinand Georg Frobenius , German mathematician (b. 1849 )[ 51] August 13 – Eduard Buchner , German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1860 )August 17 – John W. Kern , American Democratic politician (b. 1849 )August 20 – Adolf von Baeyer , German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1835 )August 30 – Alan Leo , British astrologer (b. 1860 )September 9
September 11 – Georges Guynemer , French World War I fighter ace (missing in action) (b. 1894 )September 15 – Kurt Wolff , German World War I fighter ace (killed in action) (b. 1895 )September 23 – Werner Voss , German World War I fighter ace (killed in action) (b. 1897 )September 26 – Edward Miner Gallaudet , American educator of the deaf (b. 1837 )September 27 – Edgar Degas , French painter (b. 1834 )September 30 – Patricio Montojo y Pasarón , Spanish admiral (b. 1839 )
Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein Auguste Rodin Saint Frances Xavier Cabrini October 3 – Eduardo di Capua , Neapolitan composer and songwriter (b. 1865 )October 4 – Dave Gallaher , New Zealand rugby union football player (killed in action) (b. 1873 )October 9
October 11 – Duke Philipp of Württemberg (b. 1838 )October 13 – Florence La Badie , American actress (accident) (b. 1888 )October 15 – Mata Hari , Dutch dancer, spy (executed) (b. 1876 )October 19 – Bobby Atherton , Welsh footballer (b. 1876 )October 22 – Bob Fitzsimmons , British boxer, World Heavyweight Champion (b. 1863 )October 23 – Eugène Grasset , Swiss artist (b. 1845 )October 27 – Arthur Rhys-Davids , British fighter ace (killed in action) (b. 1897 )October 28 – Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein (b. 1831 )October 30 – Heinrich Gontermann , German fighter ace (flying accident) (b. 1896 )November 2 – Tringe Smajli , Albanian guerrilla fighter and sworn virgin (b. 1880 )[ 53] November 3 – Frederick Rodgers , American admiral (b. 1842 )November 7 – Margaret Cleaves , American physician and writer (b. 1848 )November 8 – Colin Blythe , English cricketer (b. 1879 )November 11 – Liliʻuokalani , last monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaii (b. 1838 )November 15 – Émile Durkheim , French sociologist (b. 1858 )November 16 – Adolf Reinach , German philosopher (killed in action) (b. 1883 )November 17
December 8 – Mendele Mocher Sforim , Russian Yiddish, Hebrew writer (b. 1836 )December 10 – Sir Mackenzie Bowell , 5th Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1823 )December 12 – Andrew Taylor Still , American father of osteopathy (b. 1828 )December 17 – Elizabeth Garrett Anderson , English physician and suffragette (b. 1836 )December 19 – Richard Maybery , British fighter ace (killed in action) (b. 1895 )December 20 – Eric Campbell , Scottish actor (accident) (b. 1879 )December 22
December 24 – Ivan Goremykin , Russian prime minister (b. 1839 )December 28 – Alfred Edwin McKay , Canadian fighter ace (killed in action) (b. 1892 )
Nobel Prizes
References
^ New Zealand. Army. Expeditionary Force (1924). Roll of Honour, the Great War, 1914-1918 ^ Shackleton, Ernest (1919). South ^ Canada. Parliament. House of Commons (1939). Official Report of Debates, House of Commons ^ SA Legion – Atteridgeville Branch. "The SS Mendi – A Historical Background" . Navy News . South African Navy. Archived from the original on March 5, 2012. Retrieved November 20, 2008 . ^ Pravda [full citation needed ^ "Germans and their Dead. Revolting Treatment. Science and the Barbarian Spirit". The Times . No. 41454. London. April 17, 1917. p. 5. ^ "Cadavers Not Human.; Gruesome Tale Believed to be Somebody's Notion of an April Fool Joke" (PDF) . The New York Times ^ Badsey, Stephen (2014). The German Corpse Factory: a Study in First World War Propaganda . Solihull: Helion. ISBN 9781909982666 . ^ Neander, Joachim (2013). The German Corpse Factory: The Master Hoax of British Propaganda in the First World War . Saarbrücken: Saarland University Press. 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Further reading
Williams, John. The Other Battleground The Home Fronts: Britain, France and Germany 1914-1918 (1972) pp 175–242.
Primary sources and year books
