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The following events occurred in the year 1903 in Italy.

Kingdom of Italy

Monarch – Victor Emmanuel III (1900–1946)
Prime Minister –
1. Giuseppe Zanardelli (1901–1903)
2. Giovanni Giolitti (1903–1905)
Population – 33,004,000

Events

The year is marked by the return of Giovanni Giolitti as Prime Minister. He will dominate Italian politics until World War I, a period known as the Giolittian Era in which Italy experienced an industrial expansion, the rise of organised labour and the emergence of an active Catholic political movement.^[1]

February

February 13 – Venezuelan crisis. After agreeing to arbitration in Washington, Britain, Germany and Italy reach a settlement with Venezuela, resulting in the Washington Protocols. The naval blockade that began in December 1902 will be lifted, and Venezuela commit 30% of its customs duties to settling claims.

June

June 13 – Prime Minister Giuseppe Zanardelli resigns after losing a vote in the Italian Chamber of Deputies. However, after several attempts the Cabinet is reconstructed. The Interior Minister Giovanni Giolitti is replaced.^[2]

July

July 31 – Start of the Papal conclave after the death of the 93-year-old Pope Leo XIII. Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto was elected on August 4 as Pope Pius X. Pius X's papacy would feature vigorous condemnation of what he termed 'modernists' and 'relativists' whom he regarded as dangers to the Catholic faith (see for example his Oath Against Modernism).

October

October 21 – Due to ill health Prime Minister Giuseppe Zanardelli resigns.^[3]

November

November 3 – Giovanni Giolitti forms a new Cabinet.^[4]

Births

January 9 – Gioacchino Colombo, Italian automobile engine designer for Alfa Romeo and Ferrari (d. 1988)
February 16 – Beniamino Segre, Italian mathematician (d. 1977)
February 26 – Giulio Natta, Italian chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1979)^[5]
March 18 – Galeazzo Ciano, Italian diplomat and Foreign Minister of Fascist Italy 1936–1943 (d. 1944)
July 16 – Adalberto Libera, Italian Modernist architect (d. 1963)
September 13, Leopoldo Rubinacci, Italian politician, lawyer and trade unionist (d. 1969)

Deaths

July 20 – Pope Leo XIII, Italian Roman Catholic Pope (b. 1810)
December 26 – Giuseppe Zanardelli, Italian politician and Prime Minister (b. 1826)^[6]

References

^ Sarti, Italy: a reference guide from the Renaissance to the present, pp. 46–48
^ Work On Italian Cabinet; Premier Zanardelli Tries in Vain to Get Strengthening Material, The New York Times, June 21, 1903
^ Italian Cabinet Resigns; Its Action Not the Result of the Political Situation but of the Premier's Failing Health, The New York Times, October 22, 1903
^ New Italian Cabinet; Signor Luzzatti, the Minister of the Treasury, a Friend of the United States, The New York Times, November 4, 1903
^ "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1963". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 25 February 2022.
^ "SIGNOR ZANARDELLI DEAD. Ex-Premier of Italy Was Seventy-four Years Old — A Leader in Italy's Struggle Against Austria" (PDF). The New York Times. 27 December 1903. Retrieved 27 November 2021.

Sarti, Roland (2004). Italy: a reference guide from the Renaissance to the present, New York: Facts on File Inc., ISBN 0-81607-474-7

[1] Sarti, Italy: a reference guide from the Renaissance to the present, pp. 46–48

[nyt210603-2] Work On Italian Cabinet; Premier Zanardelli Tries in Vain to Get Strengthening Material, The New York Times, June 21, 1903

[nyt221003-3] Italian Cabinet Resigns; Its Action Not the Result of the Political Situation but of the Premier's Failing Health, The New York Times, October 22, 1903

[nyt041103-4] New Italian Cabinet; Signor Luzzatti, the Minister of the Treasury, a Friend of the United States, The New York Times, November 4, 1903

[5] "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1963". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 25 February 2022.

[6] "SIGNOR ZANARDELLI DEAD. Ex-Premier of Italy Was Seventy-four Years Old — A Leader in Italy's Struggle Against Austria" (PDF). The New York Times. 27 December 1903. Retrieved 27 November 2021.

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1903 in Europe
Sovereign states	Andorra Austria-Hungary Baden Belgium Bulgaria Denmark France Germany Greece Italy Liechtenstein Luxembourg Monaco Montenegro Netherlands Norway Ottoman Empire Portugal Prussia Romania Russia San Marino Spain Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom
Dependencies, colonies and other territories	Cyprus Gibraltar Guernsey Isle of Man Jersey Malta

Years in Italy (1861–present)
19th century	Pre-1861 1861 1862 1863 1864 1865 1866 1867 1868 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900
20th century	1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
21st century	2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024