Infrastructure tools to support an effective radiation oncology learning health system

Business intelligence software is a type of application software designed to retrieve, analyze, transform and report data for business intelligence (BI). The applications generally read data that has been previously stored, often - though not necessarily - in a data warehouse or data mart.

The first comprehensive business intelligence systems were developed by IBM and Siebel (currently acquired by Oracle) in the period between 1970 and 1990.^[1][2] At the same time, small developer teams were emerging with attractive ideas, and pushing out some of the products companies still use nowadays.^[3]

In 1988, specialists and vendors organized a Multiway Data Analysis Consortium in Rome, where they considered making data management and analytics more efficient, and foremost available to smaller and financially restricted businesses. By 2000, there were many professional reporting systems and analytic programs, some owned by top performing software producers in the United States of America.^[4]

In the years after 2000, business intelligence software producers became interested in producing universally applicable BI systems which don’t require expensive installation, and could hence be considered by smaller and midmarket businesses which could not afford on premise maintenance. These aspirations emerged in parallel with the cloud hosting trend, which is how most vendors came to develop independent systems with unrestricted access to information.^[5]

From 2006 onwards, the positive effects of cloud-stored information and data management transformed itself to a completely mobile-affectioned one, mostly to the benefit of decentralized and remote teams looking to tweak data or gain full visibility over it out of office. As a response to the large success of fully optimized uni-browser versions, vendors have recently begun releasing mobile-specific product applications for both Android and iOS users.^[6] Cloud-hosted data analytics made it possible for companies to categorize and process large volumes of data, which is how we can currently speak of unlimited visualization, and intelligent decision making.

The key general categories of business intelligence applications are:

• Spreadsheets
• Reporting and querying software: applications that extract, sort, summarize, and present selected data
• Online analytical processing (OLAP)
• Digital dashboards
• Data mining
• Business activity monitoring
• Data warehouse^[7]
• Local information systems
• Data cleansing^[8]

Except for spreadsheets, these tools are provided as standalone applications, suites of applications, components of Enterprise resource planning systems, application programming interfaces or as components of software targeted to a specific industry. The tools are sometimes packaged into data warehouse appliances.

• Apache Hive, hosted by the Apache Software Foundation
• BIRT Project, by the Eclipse Foundation
• D3.js
• JasperReports
• KNIME
• Orange
• Pentaho
• TACTIC
• Superset
• Grafana

• JasperReports: reporting, analysis, dashboard
• Palo: OLAP server, worksheet server and ETL server
• Pentaho: reporting, analysis, dashboard, data mining and workflow capabilities
• TACTIC: reporting, management, dashboard, data mining and integration, workflow capabilities

• Biml - Business Intelligence Markup Language
• InetSoft
• Splunk

• List of reporting software