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 'Yancin zaɓi | |
|---|---|
philosophical concept (en)  da tunanniyar addini | |
| Bayanai | |
| Facet of (en) |
will (en) |
| Has characteristic (en) |
'yanci da non-existence (en) |
('Yancin zaɓi) shine ƙarfin ikon zaɓar tsakanin darussa daban-daban na aiki ba tare da tsangwama ba. [1]
’Yancin son rai yana da alaƙa ta kut da kut da ra’ayoyin alhakin ɗabi’a, yabo, laifi, zunubi, da sauran hukunce-hukuncen da suka shafi ayyukan da aka zaɓa kawai. Hakanan yana da alaƙa da ra'ayoyin nasiha, lallashi, shawara, da kuma hani. A al'adance, kawai ayyukan da aka yarda da su kawai ana ganin su sun cancanci yabo ko zargi. Ko ’yancin zaɓe ya wanzu, me yake da shi da kuma abubuwan da ke tattare da ko akwai ko babu su na daga cikin muhawarar falsafa da addini mafi dadewa. Wasu suna tunanin 'yancin zaɓi azaman ikon yin aiki fiye da iyakokin tasirin waje ko buri.[2]
Wasu suna ɗaukar 'yancin zaɓe don zama ikon yin zaɓi waɗanda abubuwan da suka faru a baya ba a tantance su ba. Ƙaddamarwa yana nuna cewa hanya ɗaya ce ta al'amuran da ke yiwuwa, wanda bai dace da tsarin 'yanci na 'yancin kai ba. Falsafar Girka ta dā ta gano wannan batu, wanda ya kasance babban abin da ake mayar da hankali kan muhawarar falsafa. Ra'ayin da ke ɗaukar 'yancin kai kamar yadda bai dace da determinism ana kiransa incompatibilism kuma ya ƙunshi dukkanin libertarianism na metaphysical (da'awar cewa ƙaddarar ƙarya ce kuma don haka 'yancin kai shine aƙalla zai yiwu) da kuma ƙayyadaddun (da'awar cewa determinism gaskiya ne kuma ta haka ne 'yancin kai ba haka ba ne). mai yiwuwa). Har ila yau, rashin daidaituwa ya ƙunshi rashin daidaituwa mai wuyar gaske, wanda ke riƙe ba kawai ƙaddarawa ba amma har ma da rashin daidaituwa don zama marar dacewa tare da 'yancin kai kuma don haka 'yancin kai ba zai yiwu ba duk abin da ya faru game da ƙaddara.
Sabanin haka, masu jituwa suna ɗauka cewa yancin zaɓi ya dace da ƙaddara. Wasu masu jituwa har ma suna ɗauka cewa ƙaddara yana da mahimmanci don yancin zaɓi, suna jayayya cewa zaɓin ya haɗa da fifita hanyar aiki ɗaya akan wani, yana buƙatar fahimtar yadda zaɓin zai kasance. Compatibilists haka la'akari da muhawara tsakanin libertarians da wuya determinists a kan free nufin vs. determinism wani false dilemma. Masu jituwa daban-daban suna ba da ma'anoni daban-daban na abin da "'yancin zaɓe" ke nufi kuma saboda haka sami nau'ikan ƙuntatawa daban-daban don dacewa da batun. Masu jituwa na gargajiya sun ɗauki 'yancin zaɓe ba kome ba face 'yancin yin aiki, la'akari da wanda ba shi da ikon so kawai idan, da wanda ba ya so ya yi in ba haka ba, da mutum zai iya yin in ba haka ba ba tare da tawaya ta jiki ba. Masu jituwa na zamani a maimakon haka suna gano 'yancin zaɓe a matsayin ƙarfin tunani, kamar su jagoranci ɗabi'a ta hanyar da ta dace da hankali, kuma har yanzu akwai ƙarin ra'ayoyi daban-daban na 'yancin zaɓe, kowannensu yana da nasa damuwa, raba kawai fasalin gama gari na rashin ganowa.[3] yiwuwar determinism barazana ga yiwuwar 'yancin zaɓe.
Manazarta
- ↑ Carus, Paul (1910). "Person and personality". In Hegeler, Edward C. (ed.). The Monist . Vol. 20. Chicago: Open Court Publishing Company. p. 369. "To state it briefly, we define "free will" as a will unimpeded by any compulsion."Empty citation (help)
- ↑ Baumeister, Roy F.; Monroe, Andrew E. (2014). Recent Research on Free Will . Advances in Experimental Social Psychology. Vol. 50. pp. 1–52. doi :10.1016/B978-0-12-800284-1.00001-1 . ISBN 9780128002841.
- ↑ An argument by Rudolf Carnap described by: C. James Goodwin (2009). Research In Psychology: Methods and Design (6th ed.). Wiley. p. 11. ISBN 978-0-470-52278-3
