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Toni Morrison
Robert F. Goheen Professor in the Humanities (en)	; 1989 -
Robert F. Goheen Professor in the Humanities (en)
Beatha
Ainm slàn	Chloe Ardelia Wofford
Breith	neach-poileataigs, 18 dhen Ghearran 1931
Dùthaich	Na Stàitean Aonaichte
Àite-fuirich	Syracuse; Lorain; Eabhraig Nuadh; Ohio
Cinneadh	Aimeireaganaich Afragach
Bàs	The Bronx (en) , 5 dhen Lùnastal 2019
Àite-adhlacaidh	South-View Cemetery (en)
Nàdar a’ bhàis	adhbharan nàdarra (am fiabhras-clèibhe)
Teaghlach
Cèile	Harold Morrison (en) (1958 - 1964)
Sinnsirean	liosta Cecilia Rouse (en) (daughter-in-law (en) );
Foghlam
Foghlam	Lorain High School (en) 1949) ; Oilthigh Howard Baidealair nan Ealan ; Oilthigh Cornell Maighstir nan Ealan
Àrd-fhoghlam	Honorary Doctor of Letters (en) ; Maighstir nan Ealan; Baidealair nan Ealan
Cànain	Beurla
Dreuchd
Dreuchd	sgrìobhadair, nobhailiche, librettist (en) , neach-teagaisg oilthigh, bàrd, sgrìobhadair litreachas cloinne, audiobook narrator (en) agus editing staff (en)
Fastaichean	Oilthigh Princeton (1989 -
Obraichean comharraichte	The Bluest Eye (en) ; Sula (en) ; Song of Solomon (en) ; Beloved (en) ; Tar Baby (en) ; Jazz (en) ; Paradise (en) ; Love (en) ; A Mercy (en) ; Home (en) ; God Help the Child (en)
Duaisean a fhuaras	liosta Duais Nobel ann an Litreachas (1993) ; Knight of the Legion of Honour ; Commandeur des Arts et des Lettres‎ ; Duais Norman Mailer (2009) ; National Humanities Medal (2000) ; The Nichols-Chancellor's Medal (2013) ; PEN Oakland/Josephine Miles Literary Award (2013) ; Janet Heidinger Kafka Prize (1977) : Song of Solomon (en) ; American Book Awards (1988) : Beloved (en) ; Anisfield-Wolf Book Awards (1988) : Beloved (en) ; Pulitzer Prize for Fiction (1988) : Beloved (en) ; Helmerich Award (1988) ; Common Wealth Award of Distinguished Service (1989) ; Jefferson Lecture (1996) ; NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Literary Work, Fiction (2004) : Love (en) ; Presidential Medal of Freedom (2012) ; Library of Congress Living Legend ; Ohio Women's Hall of Fame (1982) ; Langston Hughes Medal (1981) ; New Jersey Hall of Fame ; Honorary doctor of the Paris-Sorbonne University (2007) ; Honorary doctor of the University of Oxford ; Honorary doctorate from the University of Geneva ; Library of Congress Prize for American Fiction (2011) ; Carl Sandburg Literary Award (2010) ; National Book Critics Circle Award for Fiction (1977) ; Ivan Sandrof Lifetime Achievement Award (2014) ; Audie Award for Narration by the Author or Authors ; Coretta Scott King Award (2005) ; honorary degree from Spelman College (1978) ; honorary doctorate from the University of Paris-VII (12 dhen Iuchar 1993) ; [[]] (16 dhen Chèitean 2003) ;
Ainmeachadh airson duaisean	liosta [[National Book Award for Fiction (en) ]] ; (1975) : [[Sula (en) ]]; [[National Book Award for Fiction (en) ]] ; (1987) : [[Beloved (en) ]]; [[Pulitzer Prize for Fiction (en) ]] ; (1988) : [[Beloved (en) ]]; [[Neustadt International Prize for Literature (en) ]] ; (1994) ; Duais Litreachas Eadar-nàiseanta Bhaile Àtha Cliath ; (2000) : [[Paradise (en) ]]; [[NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Literary Work – Children (en) ]] ; (2004) ; [[NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Literary Work, Fiction (en) ]] ; (2004) : [[Love (en) ]]; [[NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Literary Work – Children (en) ]] ; (2010);
Buaidh	Henry Dumas (en) , Zora Neale Hurston, Doris Lessing, James Baldwin, William Faulkner, Virginia Woolf (mul) agus Herman Melville (mul)
Ballrachd	Acadamh Aimeireaganach nan Ealan is nan Litir; Acadamh Aimeireaga nan Ealan is nan Saidheans; Alpha Kappa Alpha (en)
Gnè ealain	African American literature (en)
Creideamh
Creideamh	Caitligeachd
IMDb	nm0607339
	tonimorrisonsociety.org

'S e sgrìobhadair às na Stàitean Aonaichte a tha ann Toni Morrison. Rugadh i mar Chloe Wofford ann am baile beag ris na canar Lorain, Ohio, ann an 1931. Bha i na h-oileanach aig Oilthigh Howard agus Oilthigh Chornell is thill i dhan Oilthigh Howard agus theagaisg i litreachas mus deach i gu Shyracuse far an do dh'obraich i airson an fhoillsicheir Random House.

Dh'fhoillsich i a ciad nobhail, The Bluest Eye, ann an 1970, is a nobhail as ainmeile, Beloved, ann an 1987.

Theagaisg i aig Oilthigh Phrinceton eadar 1989 is 2006.^[1]

Urraman

Bhuannaich i an Duais Pulitzer airson Ficsein ann an 1988, agus an Duais Nobel ann an Litreachas ann an 1993.^[2] S' e an ochdamh tè a choisinn an duais seo a tha innte.^[3]

Iomraidhean

↑ “Biography - Toni Morrison”. Oilthigh Eabhraig Nuaidh. Air a thogail 18mh dhen Ghearran 2019.
↑ “The Nobel Prize in Literature 1993”. Nobel Media AB. Air a thogail 18mh dhen Ghearran 2019.
↑ Almaz

Duais Nobel ann an Litreachas

1901: Sully Prudhomme • 1902: Theodor Mommsen • 1903: Bjornstjerne Martinus Bjornson • 1904: Frédéric Mistral • 1905: José Echegaray y Eizaguirre • 1906: Henryk Sienkiewicz • 1907: Giosuè Carducci • 1908: Rudyard Kipling • 1908: Rudolf Christoph Eucken • 1909: Selma Lagerlöf • 1910: Paul Johann Ludwig von Heyse • 1911: Maurice Maeterlinck • 1912: Gerhart Johann Robert Hauptmann • 1913: Rabindranath Tagore • 1914: — • 1915: Romain Rolland • Carl Gustaf Verner von Heidenstam • 1917: Karl Adolph Gjellerup • Henrik Pontoppidan • 1918: — • 1919: Carl Friedrich Georg Spitteler • 1920: Knut Hamsun • 1921: Anatole France • 1922: Jacinto Benavente • 1923: William Butler Yeats • 1924: Wladyslaw Stanislaw Reymont • 1925: George Bernard Shaw • 1926: Grazia Deledda • 1927: Henri Bergson • 1928: Sigrid Undset • 1929: Thomas Mann • 1930: Sinclair Lewis • 1931: Erik Axel Karlfeldt • 1932: John Galsworthy • 1933: Ivan Alekseyevich Bunin • 1934: Luigi Pirandello • 1935: — • 1936: Eugene O'Neill • 1937: Roger Martin du Gard • 1938: Pearl S. Buck • 1939: Frans Eemil Sillanpää • 1940: — • 1941: — • 1942: – • 1943: — • 1944: Johannes Vilhelm Jensen • 1945: Gabriela Mistral • 1946: Hermann Hesse • 1947: André Gide • 1948: T. S. Eliot • 1949: William Faulkner • 1950: Bertrand Russell • 1951: Pär Fabian Lagerkvist • 1952: François Mauriac • 1953: Winston Churchill • 1954: Ernest Hemingway • 1955: Halldór Laxness • 1956: Juan Ramón Jiménez • 1957: Albert Camus • 1958: Boris Pasternak • 1959: Salvatore Quasimodo • 1960: Saint-John Perse • 1961: Ivo Andrić • 1962: John Steinbeck • 1963: Giorgos Seferis • 1964: Jean-Paul Sartre • 1965: Mikhail Sholokhov • Shmuel Yosef Agnon • 1967: Nelly Sachs • 1967: Miguel Àngel Asturias • 1968: Yasunari Kawabata • 1969: Samuel Beckett • 1970: Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn • 1971: Pablo Neruda • 1972: Heinrich Böll • 1973: Patrick White • 1974: Eyvind Johnson • Harry Martinson • 1975: Eugenio Montale • 1976: Saul Bellow • 1977: Vicente Aleixandre • 1978: Isaac Bashevis Singer • 1979: Odysseas Elytis • 1980: Czesław Miłosz • 1981: Elias Canetti • 1982: Gabriel José García Márquez • 1983: William Golding • 1984: Jaroslav Seifert • 1985: Claude Simon • 1986: Wole Soyinka • 1987: Joseph Brodsky • 1988: Naguib Mahfouz • 1989: Camilo José Cela • 1990: Octavio Paz • 1991: Nadine Gordimer • 1992: Derek Walcott • 1993: Toni Morrison • 1994: Kenzaburo Oe • 1995: Seamus Heaney • 1996: Wisława Szymborska • 1997: Dario Fo • 1998: José Saramago • 1999: Günter Grass • 2000: Gao Xingjian • 2001: Vidiadhar Surajprasad Naipaul • 2002: Imre Kertész • 2003: J.M. Coetzee • 2004: Elfriede Jelinek • 2005: Harold Pinter • 2006: Orhan Pamuk • 2007: Doris Lessing • 2008: J. M. G. Le Clézio • 2009: Herta Müller • 2010: Mario Vargas Llosa • 2011: Tomas Tranströmer • 2012: Mo Yan • 2013: Alice Munro • 2014: Patrick Modiano • 2015: Svetlana Alexievich • 2016: Bob Dylan • 2017: Kazuo Ishiguro • 2018: Olga Tokarczuk • 2019: Peter Handke • 2020: Louise Glück • 2021: Abdulrazak Gurnah • 2022: Annie Ernaux • 2023 Jon Fosse

[1] “Biography - Toni Morrison”. Oilthigh Eabhraig Nuaidh. Air a thogail 18mh dhen Ghearran 2019.

[2] “The Nobel Prize in Literature 1993”. Nobel Media AB. Air a thogail 18mh dhen Ghearran 2019.

[3] Almaz

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