Effects of the storage conditions on the stability of natural and synthetic cannabis in biological matrices for forensic toxicology analysis: An update from the literature
Садржај
Deo serije o ateizmu |
Ateizam |
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Čarvaka, takođe poznata kao Lokāyata, je drevna škola indijskog materijalizma.[1] Smatra se jednim primerom ateističkih škola u hinduističkoj tradiciji.[а][3][б][5][в] Čarvaka drži direktnu percepciju, empirizam i uslovno zaključivanje kao prave izvore znanja, prihvata filozofski skepticizam i odbacuje ritualizam.[4][6][7][8][9] On je bio popularan sistem verovanja u staroj Indiji.[г]
Filozof Brihaspati se tradicionalno naziva osnivačem filozofije čarvaka ili Lokāyata, iako neki naučnici to osporavaju.[10][11] Tokom perioda hinduističke reformacije u prvom milenijumu pre nove ere, kada je budizam uspostavio Gautama Buda, a džainizam je reorganizovao Paršvanata.[12] Njena učenja su sastavljena iz istorijske sekundarne literature kao što su ona koja se nalazi u šastrama, sutrama i indijskoj epskoj poeziji.[13]
Reference
- ^ "some of the ancient Hindu traditions like Carvakas have a rich tradition of materialism, in general, other schools..."[2]
- ^ "Of the three heterodox systems, the remaining one, the Cārvāka system, is a Hindu system."[4]
- ^ For a general discussion of Charvaka and other atheistic traditions within Hindu philosophy, see Frazier 2013, стр. 367
- ^ "Aside from nontheistic schools like the Samkhya, there have also been explicitly atheistic schools in the Hindu tradition. One virulently anti-supernatural system is/was the so-called Charvaka school."
- ^ Seema Chishti (21. 8. 2018). „Indian rationalism, Charvaka to Narendra Dabholkar”. The Indian Express.
- ^ Thomas 2014, стр. 164–165.
- ^ Raman 2012, стр. 549–574.
- ^ а б Tiwari 1998, стр. 67.
- ^ Cooke 2006, стр. 84.
- ^ Perrett 1984, стр. 161–174.
- ^ Bhattacharya 2011, стр. 21–32.
- ^ Radhakrishnan & Moore 1957, стр. 187, 227–234.
- ^ Flint 1899, стр. 463.
- ^ Bhattacharya 2002.
- ^ Jeaneane Fowler (2015). A. C. Grayling, ур. The Wiley Blackwell Handbook of Humanism. John Wiley & Sons. стр. 114 with footnote 17. ISBN 978-1-119-97717-9.
- ^ Quack 2011, стр. 50:See footnote 3
- ^ Balcerowicz, Piotr (2016), „Jayarāśi”, Ур.: Zalta, Edward N., The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2016 изд.), Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, Приступљено 2020-07-08
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- Bhattacharya, Ramakrishna (2002). „Cārvāka Fragments: A New Collection”. Journal of Indian Philosophy. 30 (6): 597—640. S2CID 169948463. doi:10.1023/A:1023569009490.
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- Bhatta, Jayarashi. Tattvopaplavasimha (Status as a Carvaka text disputed)
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Spoljašnje veze
- The Lokāyata, Nāstika and Cārvāka, Surendranath Dasgupta, 1940
- Jayarāśi, a 9th-century Indian philosopher associated with Cārvāka / Lokāyata school, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (2011)
- Lokāyata/Cārvāka – Indian Materialism (Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
- Materialism in India: A Synoptic View Ramkrishna Bhattacharya
- Bibliography: Carvaka/Lokayata secondary literature Архивирано на сајту Wayback Machine (20. децембар 2019), Karl Potter, University of Washington