Effects of the storage conditions on the stability of natural and synthetic cannabis in biological matrices for forensic toxicology analysis: An update from the literature
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| Dinamai berdasarkan | "Proud of Your Boy" |
|---|---|
| Tanggal pendirian | 2016 |
| Pendiri | Gavin McInnes |
| Tipe | Organisasi neo-fasis sayap kanan jauh yang mempromosikan kekerasan politik[1][2] |
Wilayah | Internasional |
Tokoh penting | Enrique Tarrio (Ketua)[3] |
| Situs web | OfficialProudBoys.com |
Proud Boys adalah sebuah organisasi neo-fasis sayap kanan jauh[9][10][11] yang hanya dikhususkan untuk laki-laki dan mempromosikan kekerasan politik.[2][12][13][14] Organisasi tersebut berbasis di Amerika Serikat dan memiliki cabang di Kanada, Australia, dan Britania Raya.[15][16] Kelompok tersebut dibentuk pada 2016 oleh salah satu pendiri Vice Media dan mantan komentator Gavin McInnes, yang mengambil nama kelompok tersebut dari judul lagu "Proud of Your Boy" dari film Disney Aladdin.[17][18] Proud Boys dijadikan sebagai bagian dari politik sayap kanan alternatif. Namun pada awal 2017, McInnes mulai menjauhkan diri dari alt-right, dengan alasan bahwa fokus alt-right adalah ras sementara fokusnya adalah apa yang ia sebut sebagai "nilai-nilai Barat". Upaya perombakan tersebut dilakukan usai Unite the Right Rally.[19][20]
Referensi
- ^ Colleen Long, 11 arrests at NYU protest over speech by 'Proud Boys' leader, Associated Press (February 3, 2017): "a far-right men's organization"
- ^ a b Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag
<ref>tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernamaGuardian2018 - ^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag
<ref>tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernamasplinter_2018-11-29 - ^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag
<ref>tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernamaweill0129 - ^ The Associated Press, . "3 arrested in NYC clashes following speech by leader of far-right Proud Boys group". Chicago Tribune (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2019-02-03.
- ^ "Proud Boys Founder Gavin McInnes Wants Neighbors to Take Down Anti-Hate Yard Signs". lawandcrime.com (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2019-02-03.
- ^ Mathias, Christopher (2018-10-18). "The Proud Boys, The GOP And 'The Fascist Creep'". Huffington Post (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2019-02-03.
- ^ Producers, Parasites, Patriots (dalam bahasa Inggris). University of Minnesota Press. 2019. hlm. 2.
- ^ [4][5][6][7][8]
- ^ Reinstein, and Baer, Stephanie K. (October 5, 2018) "Members Of A Far-Right Men’s Group Violently Beat Up Protesters And Weren’t Arrested. New York Police Won’t Say Why" Buzzfeed News. Quote: "New York Public Advocate Letitia James called on the NYPD to arrest all the Proud Boys involved in the beating."I am disturbed and disgusted by the videos I’ve seen of members of the neo-fascist, white supremacist Proud Boys group engaging in hate-fueled mob violence on the streets of New York City," James said. "New York will not become the next Charlottesville, and we refuse to let the actions of a hateful few define our City."James said she would also urge the district attorney to pursue hate crime charges due to "the clear homophobic and anti-immigrant sentiments expressed in the videos."
- ^ * Breland, Ali (July 6, 2019) "The Neo-Fascist Proud Boys Organized a “Free Speech” Rally in DC. It Flopped" Mother Jones
- Crane-Newman, Molly (August 14, 2019) "Manhattan jurors hear closing arguments in Proud Boys gang assault case" New York Daily News. Quote: "A Manhattan jury was asked to decide Wednesday whether members of far-right neofascist group 'Proud Boys' were justified...."
- Keene, Houston (August 27, 2019) "Antifa Supporting Professor Resigns After Facebook Post Resurfaces Calling on People to 'Kill' Evangelicals" Diarsipkan 2019-09-14 di Wayback Machine. Independent Journal Review Quoyer: "...the neo-fascist group the Proud Boys"
- Onion, Rebecca (October 19, 2018) "A Devil’s Bargain" Slate. Quote:"...was last weekend’s incident a turning point in the relationship between establishment Republicanism and far-right neofascists?"
- ^ Lowry, Rich (October 19, 2018). "The Poisonous Allure of Right-Wing Violence". National Review. Diakses tanggal November 13, 2018.
McInnes is open about his glorification of violence. In a speech, he described a clash with Antifa outside a talk he gave at NYU last year: "My guys are left to fight. And here's the crucial part: We do. And we beat the crap out of them." He related what a Proud Boy who got arrested told him afterward: "It was really, really fun." According to McInnes: "Violence doesn't feel good. Justified violence feels great. And fighting solves everything."
- ^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag
<ref>tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernamafbi - ^ "FBI considers Proud Boys extremists with white-nationalist ties, law enforcement officials say". Washington Post (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal November 29, 2018.
- ^ "'Proud Boys' back in Canada military after crashing indigenous ceremony". BBC News. August 31, 2017.
- ^ Gilbert, Simon (July 30, 2017). "Right wing activist warns people to avoid "immigrant city" Coventry which he claims is "awful"". Coventry Telegraph. Diakses tanggal February 8, 2018.
- ^ Disser, Nicole (July 28, 2016). Gavin McInnes and his Proud Boys want to make white men great again Diarsipkan 2019-02-09 di Wayback Machine.. Bedfordandbowery.com
- ^ Ellis, Emma Grey (May 22, 2017). "Your Handy Field Guide to the Many Factions of the Far Right, from the Proud Boys to Identity Evropa." Wired.com. Retrieved October 16, 2018.
- ^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag
<ref>tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernamaMarantz - ^ Woodhouse, Leighton Akio (September 21, 2017). "After Charlottesville, the American Far Right is Tearing Itself Apart". The Intercept. Diakses tanggal January 10, 2018.
Bacaan tambahan
- Lowry, Rich (October 19, 2018). "The Poisonous Allure of Right-Wing Violence". National Review.
- Pullmann, Joy (October 6, 2017). "The Proud Boys Are Boys in a Sexual Wasteland Trying to Become Men". The Federalist.
