Effects of the storage conditions on the stability of natural and synthetic cannabis in biological matrices for forensic toxicology analysis: An update from the literature

Annaba
عنابة (ar) Annaba (fr)
Wuri
36°54′N 7°46′E / 36.9°N 7.77°E / 36.9; 7.77
Ƴantacciyar ƙasa	Aljeriya
Province of Algeria (en)	Lardin Annaba
District of Algeria (en)	Annaba District (en)
Babban birnin	Bône Department (en) (1955–1962) Lardin Annaba Annaba District (en)
Yawan mutane
Faɗi	257,359 (2008)
• Yawan mutane	5,252.22 mazaunan/km²
Labarin ƙasa
Yawan fili	49 km²
Wuri a ina ko kusa da wace teku	Bahar Rum
Altitude (en)	3 m
Bayanan Tuntuɓa
Lambar aika saƙo	23000
Kasancewa a yanki na lokaci	UTC+01:00

Annaba (lafazi : /annaba/ ; da harshen Berber: ⴱⵓⵏⴰ/Bouna; da Larabci: ﻋﻧﺍبة) birni ne, da ke a ƙasar Aljeriya. Shi ne babban birnin yankin Annaba. Annaba tana da yawan jama'a 257,359, bisa ga jimillar 2008. An gina birnin Annaba kafin karni na uku kafin haifuwar Annabi Issa.

Annaba birni ne na bakin teku wanda ya sami ci gaba sosai a cikin ƙarni na 20. Annaba yana da babban yanki mai yawan jama'a fiye da sauran yankuna na gaɓar tekun Aljeriya, kamar Oran da Algiers . Yawancin gabashi da kudancin Aljeriya suna amfani da ayyuka, kayan aiki da ababen more rayuwa na Annaba. Ta fuskar tattalin arziki, ita ce cibiyar ayyukan tattalin arziki daban-daban, kamar masana'antu, sufuri, kuɗi, da yawon shakatawa. ^[1]

A yau Annaba ta girma a wurin Aphrodisium, tashar jirgin ruwa na birnin Romawa Hippo Regius.^[2](Birnin zamani tun daga lokacin ya faɗaɗa kudu akan rugujewar Hippo shima. Tsoffin sunanta Bône da Bona [7] an samo su daga "Ubbo", wani nau'in sunan gida na Hippo. Sunansa na yau da kullun "Land of the Jujubes " ( بلد العناب</link> , Balad al-'Unnāb ) ya samo asali ne daga yawan 'ya'yan itacen da ke yankin.

Yankin Annaba ya nuna shaidar aikin ɗan adam na farko a Ain el Hanech, kusa da Saïda (kimanin 200,000 BC), gami da kayan tarihi waɗanda ke nuna fasahar kera kayan aiki na ban mamaki. A cewar wasu kafofin, Aljeriya prehistoric ita ce wurin da aka fi samun ci gaba na fasahar flake-kayan aiki a Tsakiyar Farkon Dutsen Tsakiya (Tsakiya Paleolithic )

Garin Hippo Regius (Annaba na zamani) ya fara shiga tarihin tarihi a ƙarshen karni na 3 KZ a matsayin mallakar Masarautar Numidiya ta Massinissa. ^[3] Augustine na Hippo shine bishop a nan daga 396 AD har zuwa mutuwarsa a shekara ta 430 AD. ^[4] Vandals sun lalata garin a karni na 5. ^[5] Vandals ya mulki birnin na kusan karni guda har zuwa 534. ^[6] Gelimer, Sarkin Vandals da Alans daga 530 zuwa 534 AD, ya fuskanci yunwar mabiyansa da 'ya'yansu, kuma ya fahimci cewa ba shi da damar sake dawo da mulkinsa na Arewacin Afirka, ya mika wuya ga Flavius Belisarius, Janar na Rumawa. Daular karkashin Justinian I, a Bône. ^[7] Daga nan ne Rumawa suka yi mulkin Hippona (sunan Hippo mai suna Hippo bayan 395) kafin musulmi ya ci Magrib a shekara ta 699 miladiyya. Daga baya Abbasids, Aghlabids, da Fatimids sun yi mulkin Bona kafin hawan Zirids . An mayar da ita wurin da take yanzu bayan ambaliya da Banu Hilal barnar da ta faru a shekara ta 1033 lokacin mulkin Hammadid . Rundunar Pisan ta kai hari a cikin 1034 kuma Masarautar Sicily ta ci nasara a 1153. Almohad sun dauke shi a cikin 1160.

A cikin karni na 11, Banu Hilal, ƙabilar Larabawa da ke zaune a tsakanin kogin Nilu da Bahar Maliya, sun zauna a Tunisiya, Tripolitania (yammacin Libya ) da Constantinois (gabashin Aljeriya ) wanda shine yankin da aka sani da Annaba.

Bayan wafatin Almohad, mulkin Hafsidawa ya fara a Annaba a shekara ta 1250. An katse mulkin Hafsid ta hanyar taƙaitaccen ayyukan Marinids da Castile (a cikin 1360) kuma ya ƙare da na Zayyanids . Mulkin daular Usmaniyya ya fara ne a shekara ta 1533, kuma hakan ya kasance har zuwa lokacin da Faransa ta mamaye a 1832, banda mulkin daular Spain tsakanin 1535 zuwa 1540. 'Yan fashin Barbary suma sun zauna a Annaba daga karni na 16 zuwa na 19. ^[8]

1. ↑ "2008 census" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 July 2011
2. ↑ EB (1878
3. ↑ "www.el-annabi.com" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 August 2016. Retrieved 12 April 2012
4. ↑ The Report: Algeria 2008. Oxford Business Group. 2008. p. 231. ISBN 9781902339092
5. ↑ Naylor, Phillip C. (7 May 2015). Historical Dictionary of Algeria. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 9780810879195
6. ↑ "ANVREDET" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 February 2016. Retrieved 31 December 2016
7. ↑ EB (1911)
8. ↑ Rossiter, Jeremy (2012). "Hippo Regius". The Encyclopedia of Ancient History. doi:10.1002/9781444338386.wbeah16069