Effects of the storage conditions on the stability of natural and synthetic cannabis in biological matrices for forensic toxicology analysis: An update from the literature

Specifications
Specifications
Configuration:;
• AAR	B-B + B-B
• UIC	Bo′Bo′+Bo′Bo′
Gauge	1,520 mm (4 ft 11+27⁄32 in) Russian gauge
Wheel diameter	1,200 mm (47.24 in)
Length	27,520 mm (90 ft 3+1⁄2 in)
Width	3,106 mm (10 ft 2+1⁄4 in)
Height	5,080 mm (16 ft 8 in)
Loco weight	180 tonnes (180 long tons; 200 short tons)
Electric system/s	3 kV DC Catenary
Current pickup(s)	Pantograph
Traction motors	8×TED НБ-406А
Loco brake	Regenerative

Type and origin
Type and origin
Power type	Electric
Builder	Soviet Union ; Tbilisi Electric Locomotive Works, Novocherkassk Electric Locomotive Plant
Build date	1953, 1955–1967
Total produced	1,722 + 1 VL8v

ВЛ8
ВЛ8
	VL8м-459 in the suburbs of Dnipro
Power type
Type and origin
Power type	Electric
Builder	Soviet Union ; Tbilisi Electric Locomotive Works, Novocherkassk Electric Locomotive Plant
Build date	1953, 1955–1967
Total produced	1,722 + 1 VL8v
Configuration:;
Specifications
Configuration:;
• AAR	B-B + B-B
• UIC	Bo′Bo′+Bo′Bo′
Gauge	1,520 mm (4 ft 11+27⁄32 in) Russian gauge
Wheel diameter	1,200 mm (47.24 in)
Length	27,520 mm (90 ft 3+1⁄2 in)
Width	3,106 mm (10 ft 2+1⁄4 in)
Height	5,080 mm (16 ft 8 in)
Loco weight	180 tonnes (180 long tons; 200 short tons)
Electric system/s	3 kV DC Catenary
Current pickup(s)	Pantograph
Traction motors	8×TED НБ-406А
Loco brake	Regenerative
Maximum speed
Performance figures
Maximum speed	VL8: 80 km/h (50 mph); VL8м: 100 km/h (62 mph)
Operators
Career
Operators	РЖД (RZhD), УЗ (UZ), Azerbaijan Railways, Georgian Railway
Locale	SUN Soviet Union ; RUS Russia ; Ukraine ; Georgia ; Azerbaijan

The VL8 (Russian: ВЛ8)^[2]^[1]is an electric two-unit mainline DC freight locomotive used in the Soviet Union, still operated today by the state-owned Russian rail company RZhD and Ukrainian Railways. The initials VL are those of Vladimir Lenin (Russian: Владимир Ленин), after whom the class is named.

History

The VL8 series was built as a replacement for the aging VL22^м which, by 1953, no longer met Soviet rail requirements. The VL8s were manufactured at the Tbilisi Electric Locomotive Works (ТЭВЗ) between 1957–1967, as well as the Novocherkassk Electric Locomotive Plant.^[3]

Gallery

ВЛ8^м-303, Dnipro
ВЛ8^м-464, Dnipro
Электровоз ВЛ8^м-471, Debaltseve
ВЛ8^м-511, Luhansk Oblast
ВЛ8^м-552, Dnipro
ВЛ8^м-682, Dnipro
ВЛ8^м-720 и ВЛ8^м-1622, Dnipro
ВЛ8^м-771, Donetsk Oblast
ВЛ8^м-797 and ДЭ1-033, Synelnykove
ВЛ8^м-943, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast
ВЛ8^м-1021, Dnipro
ВЛ8^м-1273, Piatykhatky, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast
ВЛ8-1275, Sukhinichi (Russia)
ВЛ8^м-1306, Dnipro
ВЛ8^м-1488 and ДЭ1-003, Dnipro
ВЛ8-1553, Dnipro

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d RZD DC electric locomotives at www.railfaneurope.net
^ Johnston, Howard & Harris, Ken (2005). Jane's Train Recognition Guide. Harper Collins Publishers. p. 327. ISBN 0-06-081895-6.
^ В. А. Раков (1999). «Локомотивы отечественных железных дорог. (1956—1975 гг.). М.: «Транспорт». ISBN 5-277-02012-8.

[auto-1] RZD DC electric locomotives at www.railfaneurope.net

[Jane's-2] Johnston, Howard & Harris, Ken (2005). Jane's Train Recognition Guide. Harper Collins Publishers. p. 327. ISBN 0-06-081895-6.

[В._А._Раков-3] В. А. Раков (1999). «Локомотивы отечественных железных дорог. (1956—1975 гг.). М.: «Транспорт». ISBN 5-277-02012-8.

[1]

[2]

[3]

Effects of the storage conditions on the stability of natural and synthetic cannabis in biological matrices for forensic toxicology analysis: An update from the literature

History

Gallery

See also

References