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| Author | Máirtín Ó Cadhain |
|---|---|
| Translator |
|
| Language | Irish |
| Publisher |
|
Publication date | 1949 |
| Publication place | Ireland |
Published in English | 2016 |
| Media type | |
| Pages | 364 |
| OCLC | 2674025 |
| 891.6284 | |
| LC Class | PB1399 .O28 |
Cré na Cille (pronounced [ˌcɾʲeː n̪ˠə ˈcɪl̠ʲə] kray-na-KIL-yə)) is an Irish language novel by Máirtín Ó Cadhain. It was first published in 1949 and is considered one of the greatest novels written in Irish.[1]
Cré na Cille literally means "Earth of the Church"; it has also been translated as Graveyard Clay,[2] Graveyard Soil,[3] Graveyard Earth,[4] Church and Clay[5] and The Dirty Dust.[6]
The novel is written almost entirely as conversation between dead characters who are buried in a Connemara graveyard. The talk is full of gossip, backbiting, flirting, feuds, and scandal-mongering.[7]
The novel is considered a masterpiece of 20th century Irish literature and has drawn comparisons to the work of Flann O’Brien, Samuel Beckett, and James Joyce.[8][9] In its serialised form, Cré na Cille was read aloud and gained classic status among Irish speakers.[10][11] Cian Ó hÉigeartaigh, co-author of Sáirséal agus Dill, 1947-1981, claims that it invigorated the revival of Irish language writing in the 20th century.[12]
Cré na Cille was serialised by The Irish Press newspaper and then published by Sáirséal agus Dill in 1949.[13]
It was translated into Norwegian by Professor Jan Erik Rekdal and published in 1995 by Gyldendal Norsk Forlag as Kirkegårdsjord - gjenfortellinger i ti mellomspill, and translated into Danish by Ole Munch-Pedersen and published in 2000 by Husets Forlag as Kirkegårdsjord - genfortælling i ti mellemspil.[14][15]
English translations of the novel were published in 2015 by Yale University Press and in 2016 by Cló Iar-Chonnacht. The first translation, The Dirty Dust, was by Alan Titley; the second, Graveyard Clay, was by Liam Mac Con Iomaire and the British cartographer Tim Robinson. An earlier translation by Joan Keefe was completed in 1984 as a doctoral dissertation, but never published.[16]
The lack of an English translation for such a long period of time after the book’s first publication became part of its renown and was a matter of speculation.[17] Three early attempts at translation by publisher Sáirséal agus Dill were thwarted, the first when the young woman selected as the translator joined a convent, the second by the refusal of the poet Thomas Kinsella, and the third by an unsatisfactory effort by a former prison-mate of Ó Cadhain's.[18]
A dramatised version of the novel was broadcast on RTÉ Raidió na Gaeltachta in 1973, and was revised and rebroadcast in 2006 as part of RTÉ's Ó Cadhain centenary celebrations.[19]
The novel was adapted for the stage by Macdara Ó Fátharta and was performed in 1996 and 2006.[20][21] The role of Caitríona Pháidín was played by Bríd Ní Neachtain. The action was dramatised “in a cavernous space, with characters appearing from alcoves to interact with Caitríona, before slowly drifting back into the dimly lit set - reminding us that these people are gradually merging with the graveyard clay”.[22] Bríd Ní Neachtain was nominated for an Irish Times Theatre Award for her performance in the play.[23]
A film adaptation, directed by Robert Quinn, was released in 2007. Like the stage play, it was written by Macdara Ó Fatharta and starred Bríd Ní Neachtain.[24]
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