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Graphite | |
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General | |
Category | Native mineral |
Formula (repeating unit) | C |
Strunz classification | 1.CB.05a |
Crystal system | Hexagonal |
Crystal class | Dihexagonal dipyramidal (6/mmm) Hermann–Mauguin notation: (6/m 2/m 2/m) |
Space group | P63mc (buckled) P63/mmc (flat) |
Unit cell | a = 2.461, c = 6.708 [Å]; Z = 4 |
Identification | |
Color | Iron-black to steel-gray; deep blue in transmitted light |
Crystal habit | Tabular, six-sided foliated masses, granular to compacted masses |
Twinning | Present |
Cleavage | Basal – perfect on {0001} |
Fracture | Flaky, otherwise rough when not on cleavage |
Tenacity | Flexible non-elastic, sectile |
Mohs scale hardness | 1–3 |
Luster | Metallic, earthy |
Streak | Black |
Diaphaneity | Opaque, transparent only in extremely thin flakes |
Specific gravity | 1.9–2.3 |
Density | 2.09–2.23 g/cm3 |
Optical properties | Uniaxial (−) |
Pleochroism | Strong |
Solubility | Soluble in molten nickel, warm chlorosulfuric acid[۱] |
Other characteristics | strongly anisotropic, conducts electricity, greasy feel, readily marks |
References | [۲][۳][۴] |
قرافیت (اینگیلیسجه: Graphite) کربونیک کریستال فورمو ایستاندارد اولان دوروم دا ان ثابیت قالان کربون فورمو دور آما چوخ ایستی سیخیلمیش دوروم دا آلماس فورمونا دؤنور[۵].