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| Halfling | |
|---|---|
 An illustration of a halfling. | |
| Genre | Fantasy |
| Other name(s) | Hobbit |
Halflings are a fictional race found in some fantasy works. They tend to be depicted as physically similar to humans, except about half as tall and not as stocky as the similarly sized dwarves. Halflings are often depicted as having slightly pointed ears along with leathery-soled feet which are covered with curly hair. They tend to be portrayed as stealthy and lucky. The term is derived for the word used in Scotland, Northern Ireland, and Northern England for a child who is not yet fully grown. Halflings are found in many fantasy novels and games, including as an alternative term for hobbits in J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth and as playable humanoid races in Dungeons & Dragons.
Description
The members of the fictional halfling race are often depicted as similar to humans except about half as tall, and are not quite as stocky as the similarly sized dwarves. Similar to the depiction of hobbits in the works of J. R. R. Tolkien, which are sometimes called halflings, they have slightly pointed ears, their feet are covered with curly hair with leathery soles, and they tend to be portrayed as stealthy and lucky.
Etymology
Halfling is a word used in Scotland, Northern Ireland, and Northern England for a boy or girl who is not yet fully grown; a youth, an adolescent, and formerly sometimes a boy or young man employed in a junior role in domestic, agricultural, or industrial work.[1] Halflin derives from the Scot word hauflin, which was used before both The Hobbit and Dungeons & Dragons[2] and has the synonyms hobbledehoy and hobby.[2]
Usage in fantasy fiction
Haflings are found in some fantasy novels and games. In The Lord of the Rings, J. R. R. Tolkien occasionally used the term "halfling" to describe hobbits, since they are beings that are half the height of men. For instance, when the hobbit Pippin Took appears in a royal guard's uniform in Minas Tirith, the people of that city call him the "Prince of Halflings".[3] The term has since been used in other fiction works as an alternate name for hobbit-like peoples inspired by Tolkien's legendarium.[4]
Halflings have long been one of the playable humanoid races in Dungeons & Dragons (D&D),[2] starting with the original 1974 Men & Magic,[5] where the term hobbit was used.[2] Later editions of the original D&D box set began using the name halfling as an alternative to hobbit[6] for legal reasons.[7] Besides licensed D&D novels, halfling characters have appeared in various tabletop and video games.
Some fantasy stories use the term halfling to describe a person born of a human parent and a parent of another race, often a female human and a male elf.[8] Terry Brooks describes characters such as Shea Ohmsford from his Shannara series as a halfling of elf–human parentage. In Jack Vance's Lyonesse series of novels, "halfling" is a generic term for beings such as fairies, trolls and ogres, who are composed of both magical and earthly substances.[9] In Clifford D. Simak's 1959 short story "No Life of Their Own", halflings are invisible beings in a parallel dimension who, like brownies or gremlins, bring good or bad luck to people.[citation needed]
Examples
An example of a noteworthy halfling character featured in a series of novels based on the Forgotten Realms, a D&D campaign setting, is Regis, a halfling rogue member of the Companions of the Hall led by Drizzt Do'Urden. While he behaves in the stereotypical manner of Tolkien's hobbits, Bricken from io9 noted that Regis "set himself apart a bit by carrying a crystal pendant he can use to charm people", though he also finds himself in dangerous situations and ends up saving the day in the final battle of The Crystal Shard (1988) in a manner not unlike Bilbo Baggins.[10]
References
- ^ Oxford English Dictionary. July 2023. halfling, n. & adj.
- ^ a b c d Tresca, Michael J. (2010), The Evolution of Fantasy Role-playing Games, McFarland, p. 36, ISBN 978-0786460090
- ^ Tolkien, J. R. R. (1955) The Return of the King, book 5, ch. 1 "Minas Tirith"
- ^ Tyler, J. E. A. (2014). The Complete Tolkien Companion (3rd ed.). Macmillan. p. 77. ISBN 978-1466866454.
- ^ by Gary Gygax and Dave Arneson (1986). Dungeons & dragons : fantasy role playing game : basic rules (3rd ed. / rev. by Frank Mentzer ed.). Place of publication not identified: TSR. ISBN 0-9511444-0-5. OCLC 152411087.
- ^ Weinstock, Jeffrey, ed. (2014). The Ashgate Encyclopedia of Literary and Cinematic Monsters. Ashgate Publishing. p. 193. ISBN 978-1409425625.
- ^ Langford, David (2005). The Sex Column and Other Misprints. Wildside Press. p. 188. ISBN 1930997787.
- ^ Clute, John; Grant, John (1999). The Encyclopedia of Fantasy. St. Martin's Press. p. 447. ISBN 9780312198695.
- ^ Vance, Jack (1983). Lyonesse: Book I: Suldrun's Garden. Grafton Books. p. Glossary II: The Fairies. ISBN 0-586-06027-8.
- ^ Bricken, Rob (June 26, 2020). "Dungeons & Dragons & Novels: Revisiting The Crystal Shard". io9. Retrieved 2020-12-28.
