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Malaysian Open
Defunct tennis tournament
Event nameMalayan Championships (1921–1963)
Malaysian Open Tennis Championship (1964–1978)
Malaysian Tennis Classic (1992–1993)
Malaysian Salem Open (1993-1995)
Malaysian Open (2009–2017)
Founded1921; 103 years ago (1921)
Abolished2017; 7 years ago (2017)
LocationIpoh
Petaling Jaya
Penang
Singapore
Kuala Lumpur
VenueBukit Kiara Equestrian & Country Resort (2010–2012)
RSGC (since 2013)
SurfaceCarpet – indoors
Clay – outdoors
Hard – outdoors

The Malaysian Open was a combined men's and women's professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts that was originally founded the Malayan Championships.[1] The event has been held at the Bukit Kiara Equestrian & Country Resort and The Royal Selangor Golf Club. The tournament ran from 1921 to 1978. It was revived for a second time from 1992 through to 1995. It was staged for the third and final time from 2009 to 2018.

History

The first edition of the Malayan Championships was played in 1921 in Singapore. Women participated for the first time in 1925. In 1942 the event was suspended due to World War II and it resumed in 1948. On 16 September 1963 the country changed its name, from Malaya to Malaysia and the tournament became the Malaysian Open in 1964[2] (though only open to amateurs until 1969).

In 1992 the women's tournament was reestablished as the Malaysian Tennis Classic. It was competed on indoor hard courts in Kuala Lumpur. The tournament was part of the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) Tour, and was designated as a Tier IV event. Winners received $18,000. In both years it was held from 19 April to 26 April. The event was discontinued from 1993 onwards. In 1993 the men's tournament was revived as the Kuala Lumpur Open (aka Malaysia Salem Open) which ran until 1995. The men's event was played on hard courts in 1993 and on indoor carpet courts from 1994 to 1995. It was an event on the ATP World Series, replacing the Singapore Open for this period. Four Malaysian Players (V. Selvam, Mon S Sudesh, Martin. A and A. Lourdesamy) were banned for participating in the Bridgestone Open that was simultaneous with the Kuala Lumpur Open, as the Bridgestone Tournament wasn't sanctioned by the LTAM. Selvam's banned was lifted after two years by the LTAM.[citation needed]

In 2009 the men's tournament was revived as the Proton Malaysian Open that ran until 2015 as an ATP World Tour 250 fixture. In 2016 the men's event was replaced on the ATP tour by the Chengdu Open. In 2010 the women's tournament was revived for the second time. Initially, the organisers operated with a license directly from WTA. However, later on they cut a deal for a lease of WTA Palermo's license in late-2013.[citation needed]

In 2017, the Women's Tennis Association deleted reference to Israeli player Julia Glushko's nationality and Israel's flag from Glushko's profile on their website ahead of her scheduled participation at the Malaysian Open, when event organizers requested all references to her being Israeli be removed from the WTA website in order for her to be allowed to take part in the event.[3] The WTA subsequently reinstated them.[3]

The last men's Malaysian Open was held in 2015 and the women's in 2017, after which, WTA Palermo returned to the tour calendar in 2019.[4] The event was affiliated with the Women's Tennis Association (WTA), and is an International-level tournament on the WTA Tour.[5]

Past finals

Men's Singles

Year Location Champions Runners-up Score
Malayan Championships
1921 Singapore Japan Shunjiro Nakamura Straits Settlements Khoo Hooi-Hye 6–4, 6–3
1922 Kuala Lumpur Japan Asaji Honda United Kingdom Eric Oliver 6–3, 6–3
1923[6] Penang Straits Settlements Khoo Hooi-Hye Federated Malay States Scovell 6–2, 6–0
1924[7] Ipoh Straits Settlements Asano Federated Malay States Scovell 6–0, 6–3
1925 Singapore Straits Settlements Khoo Hooi-Hye United Kingdom Kenneth Mano 6–3, 6–3
1926[8] Kuala Lumpur Straits Settlements Khoo Hooi-Hye Straits Settlements Chua Choon Leong 6–4, 6–2
1927[9] Kuala Lumpur Straits Settlements Khoo Hooi-Hye Federated Malay States Ong Ee Kong 6–1, 6–1
1928[10] Singapore France Paul Clerc Straits Settlements Khoo Hooi-Hye 5–7, 6–3, 6–3
1929[11] Kuala Lumpur Straits Settlements Khoo Hooi-Hye Straits Settlements Lim Bong Soo 4–3 rtd.
1930 Singapore French Indochina Huyuh Van Giao French Indochina Nguyen van Chim w.o.
1931[12] Kuala Lumpur Straits Settlements Lim Bong Soo Federated Malay States Lam Say Kee 8–6, 7–5
1932[13] Singapore Straits Settlements Lim Bong Soo India Alexander Pitt 6–0, 6–2
1933[14] Kuala Lumpur Straits Settlements Lim Bong Soo Federated Malay States H. M. De Souza 9–7 rtd.
1934 Singapore Federated Malay States Chin Kee Onn Straits Settlements Yong Loon Chong Chim 6–2, 6–3
1935 Kuala Lumpur Straits Settlements Lim Bong Soo French Indochina Nguyen van Chim 6–3, 3–6, 6–4
1936[15] Ipoh Dominion of Ceylon Hildon Sansoni Federated Malay States Rolf Grut 3–6, 6–3, 6–0
1937[16] Kuala Lumpur Federated Malay States Chin Kee Onn Federated Malay States Rolf Grut 6–2, 8–6
1938[17] Singapore Dutch East Indies Samboedjo Hoerip Dutch East Indies Lim Djoe Djiem 6–1, 6–2
1939[18] Ipoh Federated Malay States Chin Kee Onn Federated Malay States Yon bin Mian 6–3, 6–2
1940[19] Singapore Taiwan Kho Sin-Khie Federated Malay States Chin Kee Onn 6–3, 6–1
1941[20] Kuala Lumpur Taiwan Kho Sin-Khie Federated Malay States Chin Kee Onn 6–0, 6–2
1942-1947 Not held (due to world war two)
1948[21] Penang Federation of Malaya S. C. Beaty Federation of Malaya Goon Kok Lem 6–1, 6–2
1949 Singapore British Hong Kong Koon Hung Ip Dutch East Indies Tan Liep Tjauw 6–3, 6–4
1950[22] Kuala Lumpur Federation of Malaya Chew Bee Ong Colony of Singapore Chin Kee Onn 6–4, 6–0
1951[23] Ipoh British Hong Kong Koon Hung Ip Federation of Malaya S. C. Beaty 6–2, 4–6, 6–1
1952[24] Penang British Hong Kong Koon Hung Ip Federation of Malaya Chew Bee Ong 3–6, 7–5, 7–5
1953 Singapore Australia Neale Fraser Federation of Malaya Chew Bee Ong 6–4, 6–3
1954[25] Kuala Lumpur Federation of Malaya Chew Bee Ong Dominion of Ceylon Rupert Ferdinands 6–4, 6–1
1955 Ipoh Federation of Malaya Chew Bee Ong British Hong Kong Koon Hung Ip 6–3, 5–7, 6–3
1956[26] Penang Indonesia Tan Liep Tjauw Dominion of Ceylon Rupert Ferdinands 3–6, 6–3, 6–4
1957[27] Singapore British Hong Kong Koon Hung Ip Indonesia Tan Liep Tjauw 6–3, 6–4
1958 Kuala Lumpur Philippines Raymundo Deyro Indonesia Koo Hong Boo 7–5, 6–2
1959[28] Ipoh India Sumant Misra Australia Warren Jacques 6–1, 6–4
1960 Penang City Japan Atsushi Miyagi Philippines Felicisimo Ampon 6–1, 5–7, 6–3
1961 Kuala Lumpur Philippines Johnny Jose Philippines Felicisimo Ampon 6–1, 6–2
1962 Ipoh Philippines Johnny Jose (2) New Zealand Ian Crookenden 6–4, 6–2
1963 Penang City Australia Ken Fletcher Australia Tony Roche 6–4, 4–6, 6–4
Malaysian Open Tennis Championship
1964[2] Kuala Lumpur Japan Takeshi Koura Japan Isao Watanabe w.o.
1965 Penang City Australia Bill Bowrey Australia John Newcombe 6–4, 1–6, 6–1
1966 Ipoh Thailand Somparn Champisri Thailand Seri Charuchinda 6–2, 6–2
1967 Kuala Lumpur Australia Allan Stone Australia Colin Stubs 6–1, 6–2
1968 Penang City Australia Doug Smith Indonesia Gondo Widjojo 6–3, 6–3, 2–6, 6–4
Open era
1969 Kuala Lumpur Vietnam Van Bay Vo Australia Elwyn McCabe 6–4, 2–1, ret.
1970 Kuala Lumpur Australia Colin Dibley Vietnam Van Thanh Vo 6–2, 6–3, 6–4
1971 Kuala Lumpur Australia Ian Fletcher Vietnam Van Thanh Vo 6–1, 6–2, 6–1
1972 Kuala Lumpur Indonesia Gondo Widjojo Indonesia Atet Wijono 4–6, 6–3, 6–4, 3–6, 3–2, ret.
1973 Kuala Lumpur India Anand Amritraj Indonesia Van Bay Vo 7–5, 0–6, 6–4, 7–5
1974 Kuala Lumpur Australia Peter McNamara Philippines Felix Bautista Jr. 8–6, 6–3, 6–2
1975 Petaling Jaya Australia Trevor Little Indonesia Gondo Widjojo 6–3, 6–3
Malaysian Salem Open
1993 (Jan.) Kuala Lumpur United States Richey Reneberg France Olivier Delaître 6–3, 6–1
1993 (Sept.) Kuala Lumpur United States Michael Chang Sweden Jonas Svensson 6–0, 6–4
1994 Kuala Lumpur Netherlands Jacco Eltingh Russia Andrei Olhovskiy 7–6, 2–6, 6–4
1995 Kuala Lumpur Chile Marcelo Ríos Australia Mark Philippoussis 7–6, 6–2
Proton Malaysian Open
2009 Kuala Lumpur Russia Nikolay Davydenko Spain Fernando Verdasco 6–4, 7–5
2010 Kuala Lumpur Russia Mikhail Youzhny Kazakhstan Andrey Golubev 6–7(7–9), 6–2, 7–6(7–3)
2011 Kuala Lumpur Serbia Janko Tipsarević Cyprus Marcos Baghdatis 6–4, 7–5
2012 Kuala Lumpur Argentina Juan Mónaco France Julien Benneteau 7–5, 4–6, 6–3
2013 Kuala Lumpur Portugal João Sousa France Julien Benneteau 2–6, 7–5, 6–4
2014 Kuala Lumpur Japan Kei Nishikori France Julien Benneteau 7–6(7–4), 6–4
2015 Kuala Lumpur Spain David Ferrer Spain Feliciano López 7–5, 7–5

Women's Singles

Incomplete roll
Year Location Champions Runners-up Score
Malayan Championships
1925 Singapore Straits Settlements Sybil Dando Straits Settlements Mary Holmes 6–4, 2–6, 6–4
1926 Kuala Lumpur Straits Settlements Mrs N. Toft Straits Settlements Mrs Rule 6–2, 6–2
1927 Kuala Lumpur Straits Settlements Violet Howett Laing Straits Settlements Sybil Dando 3–6, 6–4, 6–2
1928 Singapore Straits Settlements Violet Howett Laing (2) Straits Settlements Mrs Davies 6–4, 2–6, 8–6
1929 Kuala Lumpur Straits Settlements Miss E.M. Aitken Straits Settlements Mrs Zylstra 6–4, 6–3
1930 Singapore United Kingdom Gwendoline Moon Allin Straits Settlements Mrs E.A. Taylor 3–6, 6–1, 6–4
1931 Kuala Lumpur Straits Settlements Elizabeth Oldfield Straits Settlements Mrs Drew 6-3, 2-6, 6-4
1932 Singapore Straits Settlements Elizabeth Oldfield (2) Straits Settlements Mrs E.A. Taylor 6-3, 3-6, 9-7
1933 Kuala Lumpur Straits Settlements Elizabeth Oldfield (3) Straits Settlements Mrs Eileen Corbett 6-4, 6-4
1934 Singapore United Kingdom Gwendoline Moon Allin (2) Straits Settlements Mrs M. Millar 6-3, 6-1
1935 Kuala Lumpur United Kingdom Gwendoline Moon Allin (3) Straits Settlements Violet Howett Laing 6-3, 6-1
1936 Ipoh British Ceylon Doreen Sansoni United Kingdom Gwendoline Moon Allin 3–6, 6–3, 6–1
1937 Kuala Lumpur British Ceylon Doreen Sansoni (2) Straits Settlements Betty Humphrey 6–4, 2–6, 6–4
1938 Singapore British Ceylon Doreen Sansoni (3) United Kingdom Joyce Grenier 6–4, 6–1
1939 Ipoh British Ceylon Doreen Sansoni (4) United Kingdom Gwendoline Moon Allin 6–2, 6–3
1940 Singapore United Kingdom Joyce Grenier Carter Republic of China (1912–1949) Nellie Chia 6–1, 6–0
1941 Kuala Lumpur United Kingdom Joyce Grenier Carter (2) United Kingdom Gwendoline Moon Allin 6–1, 6–0
1942-1947 Not held (due to world war two)
1948 Penang City United Kingdom Joyce Grenier Fraser (3) Argentina M. Eduardo 6–3, 6–1
1949 Singapore United Kingdom Joyce Grenier Fraser (4) Netherlands Susan de Vries Batten 6–2, 6–4
1950 Kuala Lumpur United Kingdom Helen Thackara Dew Federation of Malaya Gladys Loke Chua 6–4, 6–3
1951 Ipoh United Kingdom Helen Thackara Dew (2) Netherlands Susan de Vries Batten 6–1, 6–3
1952 Penang City United Kingdom Helen Thackara Dew (3) British Hong Kong Mrs Koon Hung Ip 6–4, 6–3
1953 Singapore Netherlands Susan de Vries Batten Federation of Malaya Mrs Martha Young 6–3, 3–6, 6–3
1954 Kuala Lumpur United Kingdom Monica Ereaut Sheridan Federation of Malaya Gladys Loke Chua 6–0, 6–0
1955 Ipoh Federation of Malaya Gladys Loke Chua United Kingdom Helen Thackara Dew 6–3 8–6
1956 Penang City Federation of Malaya Mrs K. Le Mercier Federation of Malaya Mrs R. Hamilton 6–3, 6–3
1957 Singapore Dominion of Ceylon Ranjani Jayasuriya Federation of Malaya Katherine Leong 6–0, 6–0
1958 Kuala Lumpur United Kingdom Heather MacFarlane Stirling Federation of Malaya Mrs Tan Liep Tjiauw 14–12, 6–4
1959 Ipoh United Kingdom Heather MacFarlane Stirling (2) Thailand Mrs Sanguan Sucharitakul 6–3, 6–3
1960 Penang City Thailand Mrs Sanguan Sucharitakul Federation of Malaya Katherine Leong 4–0 ret.
1961 Kuala Lumpur Japan Reiko Miyagi Philippines Desideria Ampon 6–3, 6–1
1962 Ipoh New Zealand Ethne Green New Zealand Judy Davidson 7–5 6–3
1963 Penang City Australia Noelene Turner New Zealand Ethne Green 8–6, 7–5
Malaysian Open Tennis Championship
1964 Kuala Lumpur Thailand Phanow Sudsawasdi British Hong Kong Maisie Lai 6–4, 6–2
1965 Penang City Thailand Phanow Sudsawasdi (2) Thailand Phisamai Samerpong 7–5, 2–6, 6–0
1966 Ipoh Thailand Phanow Sudsawasdi (3) Federation of Malaya Mien Suhadi 6–8, 6–0, 6–3
1967 Kuala Lumpur Indonesia Lita Liem Indonesia Lany Kaligis 6–2, 4–6, 7–5
1968 Penang City Indonesia Lita Liem (2) Indonesia Loanita Rachman ?
Open era
1969 Kuala Lumpur Federation of Malaya Radhika Menon Vietnam Nguyen Thi Gioi 5–7, 6–1, 6-2
1970[29] Kuala Lumpur Singapore Mrs Philippa Miall Thailand Mrs Somsri Chotichuti 4–6, 6–2, 7–5
1971 Kuala Lumpur New Zealand Cecilie Fleming Thailand Somsri Klamssombuti 7–5, 6–4
1972 Kuala Lumpur Singapore Mrs Philippa Miall (2) Singapore Mrs Vera Kaspers 13–11, 6–1
1974 Kuala Lumpur Indonesia Lany Kaligis Indonesia Lita Liem Sugiarto 7–5, 3–6, 6–3
1975 Petaling Jaya Indonesia Lany Kaligis (2) Indonesia Lita Liem Sugiarto 6–2, 6–4
1976 Kuala Lumpur Indonesia Lita Liem Sugiarto Thailand Suthasini Sirikaya 6–0, 6–3
1977 Kuala Lumpur South Korea Duk-Hee Lee South Korea Choi Kyung Mie 6–2, 6–1
1978 Kuala Lumpur South Korea Chong Soog Yang Australia Carol Draper 7–5, 6–2
Malaysian Tennis Classic
1992 Kuala Lumpur Indonesia Yayuk Basuki Czechoslovakia Andrea Strnadová 6–3, 6–0
1993 Kuala Lumpur Australia Nicole Provis United States Ann Grossman 6–3, 6–2
Malaysian Open
2010 Kuala Lumpur Russia Alisa Kleybanova Russia Elena Dementieva 6–3, 6–2
BMW Malaysian Open
2011 Kuala Lumpur Australia Jelena Dokić Czech Republic Lucie Šafářová 2–6, 7–6(11–9), 6–4
2012 Kuala Lumpur Chinese Taipei Hsieh Su-wei Croatia Petra Martić 2–6, 7–5, 4–1 ret.
2013 Kuala Lumpur Czech Republic Karolína Plíšková United States Bethanie Mattek-Sands 1–6, 7–5, 6–3
2014 Kuala Lumpur Croatia Donna Vekić Slovakia Dominika Cibulková 5–7, 7–5, 7–6(7–4)
2015 Kuala Lumpur Denmark Caroline Wozniacki Romania Alexandra Dulgheru 4–6, 6–2, 6–1
2016 Kuala Lumpur Ukraine Elina Svitolina Canada Eugenie Bouchard 6–7(5–7), 6–4, 7–5
Alya Malaysian Open
2017 Kuala Lumpur Australia Ashleigh Barty Japan Nao Hibino 6–3, 6–2

Women's Doubles

Year Champions Runners-up Score
Malaysian Tennis Classic
1992 France Isabelle Demongeot
Ukraine Natalia Medvedeva
Japan Rika Hiraki
Czechoslovakia Petra Langrová
2–6, 6–4, 6–1
1993 United States Patty Fendick
United States Meredith McGrath
United States Nicole Arendt
Australia Kristine Kunce
6–4, 7–6(7–2)
Malaysian Open
2010 Chinese Taipei Chan Yung-jan
China Zheng Jie
Australia Anastasia Rodionova
Russia Arina Rodionova
6–7(4–7), 6–2, [10–7]
BMW Malaysian Open
2011 Russia Dinara Safina
Kazakhstan Galina Voskoboeva
Thailand Noppawan Lertcheewakarn
Australia Jessica Moore
7–5, 2–6, [10–5]
2012 Chinese Taipei Chang Kai-chen
Chinese Taipei Chuang Chia-jung
Chinese Taipei Chan Hao-ching
Japan Rika Fujiwara
7–5, 6–4
2013 Japan Shuko Aoyama
Chinese Taipei Chang Kai-chen (2)
Slovakia Janette Husárová
China Zhang Shuai
6–7(4–7), 7–6(7–4), [14–12]
2014 Hungary Tímea Babos
Chinese Taipei Chan Hao-ching
Chinese Taipei Chan Yung-jan
China Zheng Saisai
6–3, 6–4
2015 China Liang Chen
China Wang Yafan
Ukraine Yuliya Beygelzimer
Ukraine Olga Savchuk
4–6, 6–3, [10–4]
2016 Thailand Varatchaya Wongteanchai
China Yang Zhaoxuan
China Liang Chen
China Wang Yafan
4–6, 6–4, [10–7]
Alya Malaysian Open
2017 Australia Ashleigh Barty
Australia Casey Dellacqua
United States Nicole Melichar
Japan Makoto Ninomiya
7–6(7–5), 6–3

Event names

  • Malayan Championships (1921–63) men and women
  • Malaysian Open Tennis Championship (1964–78) men and women
  • Malaysian Tennis Classic (1992–93) women
  • Kuala Lumpur Open (aka Malaysia Salem Open) (1993–95) men
  • Proton Malaysian Open (2009-2013) men
  • Malaysian Open (2010) women (2014–15) men
  • BMW Malaysian Open (2011–16) women[30]
  • Alya Malaysian Open (2017) women

See also

References

  1. ^ "Lawn Tennis: Tournament Dates". Perth West Australian. Perth, Australia: Newspaper Archive. 10 October 1928. p. 28.
  2. ^ a b "Koura, 21, is new Malaysian champion". The Straits Times. 8 September 1964. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  3. ^ a b "Israeli tennis player has flag taken off WTA site before Malaysian Open". Times of Israel. 2 March 2017.
  4. ^ "Carbon Worldwide pulls plug on WTA Malaysian Open". NST Online. 6 November 2017. Retrieved 15 May 2018.
  5. ^ "WTA Kuala Lumpur, Alya Malaysian Open - Women's Singles". www.grandslamhistory.com. Grand Slam History. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
  6. ^ "Lawn Tennis Malayan Championships". Malaya Tribune. 7 August 1923. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  7. ^ "Malayan tennis Singapore wins singles and doubles". The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser. 6 August 1924. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  8. ^ "Lawn Tennis Malayan Championships Finals". Malaya Tribune. 9 August 1926. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  9. ^ "Malayan lawn tennis championships". The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser. 3 August 1927. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  10. ^ "Lawn Tennis Malayan Championships Finals". Pinang Gazette and Straits Chronicle. 8 August 1928. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  11. ^ "Malayan meeting". Malaya Tribune. 6 August 1929. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  12. ^ "Lim Bong Soo wins Malayan title". The Straits Echo. 12 August 1931. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  13. ^ "Lim Bong Soo again champion". The Straits Budget. 4 August 1932. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  14. ^ "Malayan tennis finals". The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser. 8 August 1933. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  15. ^ "Three Malayan lawn tennis titles go to Ceylon". The Straits Budget. 6 August 1936. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  16. ^ "Chin Kee Onn wins tennis title". Morning Tribune. 3 August 1937. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  17. ^ "Java tennis champion wins title". Morning Tribune. 4 August 1938. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  18. ^ "Miss Sansoni wins triple crown". Pinang Gazette and Straits Chronicle. 8 August 1939. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  19. ^ "Results of finals". The Straits Times. 6 August 1940. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  20. ^ "Malayan tennis champions". The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser. 5 August 1941. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  21. ^ "Malayan tennis championships". Morning Tribune. 3 August 1948. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  22. ^ "Chew Bee Malayan champion". Malaya Tribune. 7 August 1950. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  23. ^ "Ip too good for Beaty in 3-set tennis final". The Singapore Free Press. 7 August 1951. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  24. ^ "Chew Bee, sick, loses 2 finals". The Straits Times. 3 September 1952. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  25. ^ "Chew Bee regains tennis championship". The Straits Budget. 2 September 1954. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  26. ^ "Ferdinands, Pinto take doubles in straight sets". The Straits Times. 29 August 1956. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  27. ^ "Hip-Hip-Hurrah for Ip (37)". The Straits Times. 26 August 1957. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  28. ^ "Mrs. Stirling wins three titles". The Straits Times. 3 August 1959. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  29. ^ Barrett, John. Tingay, Lance. West, Peter. (1971) World of Tennis 1971 : a BP yearbook. Queen Anne Press. London. ISBN 978-0-362-00091-7. p.287.
  30. ^ "Women's Tennis Association - Official Website". Women's Tennis Association.